diff --git a/src/view/abut-scene.ts b/src/view/abut-scene.ts
index 776e6e8..9829e66 100644
--- a/src/view/abut-scene.ts
+++ b/src/view/abut-scene.ts
@@ -133,25 +133,37 @@ export function buildAbutGroup(
   const footingTop = members.footingTopEl;
   const footingBottom = members.footingBottomEl;
 
-  // 벽체: one segment per 교좌면 step, from the footing top to the 교좌면, t −0.8 … +1.6.
+  // 벽체 (spec §4.3, 도면 type-1): the front part (t −0.5 … 1.6) stops at the 교좌면 step; the back ledge (t −0.8 … −0.5)
+  // rises to the 브라켓 상면 (흉벽 상단 − 0.85), where the 접속슬래브 sits. The two parts only touch the 흉벽 faces.
+  const parapetTopAt = (s: number) => members.parapetTopStartEl + ((members.parapetTopEndEl - members.parapetTopStartEl) * s) / L;
+  const bracketAt = (s: number) => parapetTopAt(s) - members.shape.bracketHeightM;
   for (const seg of members.wallSegments) {
-    const profile: [number, number][] = [
+    const front: [number, number][] = [
       [seg.sFrom, footingTop],
       [seg.sTo, footingTop],
       [seg.sTo, seg.seatEl],
       [seg.sFrom, seg.seatEl],
     ];
-    add('wall', prism(profile, members.shape.wallFrontM - members.shape.wallBackM, new THREE.Vector3(0, 0, members.shape.wallBackM), ex, ey, ez), 0xb7c7d3);
+    add('wall', prism(front, members.shape.wallFrontM - members.shape.parapetBackM, new THREE.Vector3(0, 0, members.shape.parapetBackM), ex, ey, ez), 0xb7c7d3);
+    const ledge: [number, number][] = [
+      [seg.sFrom, footingTop],
+      [seg.sTo, footingTop],
+      [seg.sTo, bracketAt(seg.sTo)],
+      [seg.sFrom, bracketAt(seg.sFrom)],
+    ];
+    add('wall', prism(ledge, members.shape.parapetBackM - members.shape.wallBackM, new THREE.Vector3(0, 0, members.shape.wallBackM), ex, ey, ez), 0xb7c7d3);
   }
 
-  // 흉벽: t −0.5 … 0, from the footing top up to the parapet top line.
-  const parapetProfile: [number, number][] = [
-    [0, footingTop],
-    [L, footingTop],
-    [L, members.parapetTopEndEl],
-    [0, members.parapetTopStartEl],
-  ];
-  add('parapet', prism(parapetProfile, -members.shape.parapetBackM, new THREE.Vector3(0, 0, members.shape.parapetBackM), ex, ey, ez), 0x8898aa);
+  // 흉벽: t −0.5 … 0, from the 교좌면 step (the top of the front wall) up to the parapet top line, so it never overlaps the wall.
+  for (const seg of members.wallSegments) {
+    const parapet: [number, number][] = [
+      [seg.sFrom, seg.seatEl],
+      [seg.sTo, seg.seatEl],
+      [seg.sTo, parapetTopAt(seg.sTo)],
+      [seg.sFrom, parapetTopAt(seg.sFrom)],
+    ];
+    add('parapet', prism(parapet, -members.shape.parapetBackM, new THREE.Vector3(0, 0, members.shape.parapetBackM), ex, ey, ez), 0x8898aa);
+  }
 
   if (footingBottom !== undefined) {
     // 저판: s 0 … L, t −1.8 … +2.8, from the 기초 하단 to the 저판 상면.
diff --git a/tests/abut-blocks-slab.test.ts b/tests/abut-blocks-slab.test.ts
index f243edc..b67e8b7 100644
--- a/tests/abut-blocks-slab.test.ts
+++ b/tests/abut-blocks-slab.test.ts
@@ -55,4 +55,17 @@ describe('교대 3D: 받침블럭과 접속슬래브 (spec §4.2, §4.8)', () =>
     expect(box.min.z).toBeCloseTo(members.shape.parapetBackM - 0.005 - 7, 2);
     expect(box.max.y - box.min.y).toBeGreaterThan(0.45);
   });
+
+  it('the 흉벽 and the 벽체 only touch (no shared volume) and the back ledge is vertical-step free', () => {
+    const volume = (a: THREE.Object3D, b: THREE.Object3D) => {
+      const box = new THREE.Box3().setFromObject(a).intersect(new THREE.Box3().setFromObject(b));
+      return Math.max(0, box.max.x - box.min.x) * Math.max(0, box.max.y - box.min.y) * Math.max(0, box.max.z - box.min.z);
+    };
+    for (const w of (named('wall') as THREE.Group).children) {
+      for (const p of (named('parapet') as THREE.Group).children) expect(volume(w, p)).toBeLessThan(1e-9);
+    }
+    // back face: the ledge (t −0.8 … −0.5) and the 흉벽 back (−0.5) meet at one horizontal edge, not a vertical offset
+    const backs = (named('wall') as THREE.Group).children.map((w) => new THREE.Box3().setFromObject(w).min.z);
+    expect(Math.min(...backs)).toBeCloseTo(members.shape.wallBackM, 6);
+  });
 });
diff --git a/tests/abut-scene.test.ts b/tests/abut-scene.test.ts
index ea2d300..545d69c 100644
--- a/tests/abut-scene.test.ts
+++ b/tests/abut-scene.test.ts
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ const group = buildAbutGroup(model, members, wings);
 const count = (name: string) => (group.getObjectByName(name) as THREE.Group | undefined)?.children.length ?? 0;
 
 describe('교대 A1 3D 장면 (AA3·AA3b·AA3c)', () => {
-  it('has the members: 5 wall segments, 1 parapet, 1 footing, 18 piles, 2 wings, 4 haunches', () => {
-    expect(count('wall')).toBe(5);
-    expect(count('parapet')).toBe(1);
+  it('has the members: 5 wall segments (front + back ledge), 5 parapet parts, 1 footing, 18 piles, 2 wings, 4 haunches', () => {
+    expect(count('wall')).toBe(10); // 5 front parts + 5 back ledges (도면 type-1)
+    expect(count('parapet')).toBe(5); // one per 교좌면 step, from the step up
     expect(count('footing')).toBe(1);
     expect(count('piles')).toBe(18);
     expect(count('wings')).toBe(2);