diff --git a/scripts/verify-abut-names.cjs b/scripts/verify-abut-names.cjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2fa5404
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/verify-abut-names.cjs
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// Build non-destructive fixtures and verify full-name identity and error disclosure via CDP.
+// Run with Windows Node while the local app and a dedicated Chrome CDP port 9444 are running.
+const fs = require('node:fs');
+const path = require('node:path');
+const assert = require('node:assert/strict');
+const XLSX = require('xlsx');
+const root = path.resolve(__dirname, '..');
+const out = path.join(root, '.verify', 'abut-names-20261105');
+const report = { checks: [], errors: [], started: new Date().toISOString() };
+const delay = (ms) => new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
+fs.mkdirSync(out, { recursive: true });
+const base = XLSX.readFile(path.resolve(root, '../../RAG/운곡교P1입력.xlsx'));
+const blocks = { info: [], ips: [], bearings: [] };
+for (const sheet of base.SheetNames) {
+  const rows = XLSX.utils.sheet_to_json(base.Sheets[sheet], { header: 1, defval: null });
+  for (let h = 0; h < rows.length; h++) {
+    if (rows[h][0] !== '교대명') continue;
+    const kind = ({ 형식: 'info', IP점: 'ips', 받침번호: 'bearings' })[rows[h][1]];
+    if (!kind) continue;
+    let name;
+    for (let i = h + 1; i < rows.length && rows[i][1] != null && rows[i][1] !== ''; i++) {
+      name = rows[i][0] || name;
+      if (name === 'A1') blocks[kind].push(['A2-완도', ...rows[i].slice(1)]);
+    }
+  }
+  for (const row of rows) if (row[0] === 'A1') row[0] = 'A1-완도';
+  base.Sheets[sheet] = XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet(rows);
+}
+assert.equal(blocks.info.length, 1);
+blocks.info[0][1] = 'A2';
+XLSX.utils.book_append_sheet(base, XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet([
+  ['교대명', '형식'], ...blocks.info, [],
+  ['교대명', 'IP점'], ...blocks.ips, [],
+  ['교대명', '받침번호'], ...blocks.bearings,
+]), '종점교대');
+const validFile = path.join(out, 'full-names.xlsx');
+XLSX.writeFile(base, validFile);
+const bad = XLSX.readFile(validFile);
+for (const sheet of bad.SheetNames) {
+  const rows = XLSX.utils.sheet_to_json(bad.Sheets[sheet], { header: 1, defval: null });
+  for (const row of rows) if (row[0] === 'A1-완도' && row[1] === 'A1') row[1] = 'A3';
+  bad.Sheets[sheet] = XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet(rows);
+}
+const badFile = path.join(out, 'invalid-type.xlsx');
+XLSX.writeFile(bad, badFile);
+let ws;
+let send;
+async function main() {
+  const target = await (await fetch('http://127.0.0.1:9444/json/new?about:blank', { method: 'PUT' })).json();
+  ws = new WebSocket(target.webSocketDebuggerUrl);
+  await new Promise((resolve, reject) => { ws.onopen = resolve; ws.onerror = reject; });
+  let seq = 0;
+  let loaded;
+  let downloadGuid;
+  const done = new Set();
+  const pending = new Map();
+  send = (method, params = {}) => new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    const id = ++seq;
+    const timer = setTimeout(() => { pending.delete(id); reject(new Error(`CDP timeout ${method}`)); }, 20000);
+    pending.set(id, { resolve, reject, timer });
+    ws.send(JSON.stringify({ id, method, params }));
+  });
+  ws.onmessage = ({ data }) => {
+    const msg = JSON.parse(data);
+    if (msg.id) {
+      const wait = pending.get(msg.id); if (!wait) return;
+      clearTimeout(wait.timer); pending.delete(msg.id);
+      if (msg.error) wait.reject(new Error(JSON.stringify(msg.error))); else wait.resolve(msg.result);
+    } else if (msg.method === 'Page.loadEventFired') loaded?.();
+    else if (msg.method === 'Runtime.exceptionThrown') report.errors.push(msg.params.exceptionDetails.exception?.description || msg.params.exceptionDetails.text);
+    else if (msg.method === 'Runtime.consoleAPICalled' && msg.params.type === 'error') report.errors.push(msg.params.args.map((a) => a.value ?? a.description).join(' '));
+    else if (msg.method === 'Browser.downloadWillBegin') downloadGuid = msg.params.guid;
+    else if (msg.method === 'Browser.downloadProgress' && msg.params.state === 'completed') done.add(msg.params.guid);
+  };
+  const ev = async (expression) => {
+    const r = await send('Runtime.evaluate', { expression, awaitPromise: true, returnByValue: true });
+    if (r.exceptionDetails) throw new Error(r.exceptionDetails.exception?.description || r.exceptionDetails.text);
+    return r.result.value;
+  };
+  const until = async (expression) => {
+    for (let i = 0; i < 100; i++) { if (await ev(expression)) return; await delay(150); }
+    throw new Error(`Timeout: ${expression}`);
+  };
+  const click = (expression) => ev(`(() => { const e = ${expression}; if (!e || e.disabled) throw new Error('Missing/disabled target'); e.click(); })()`);
+  const check = (name, condition) => { assert.ok(condition, name); report.checks.push(name); console.log('PASS', name); };
+  const shot = async (name) => {
+    await delay(250);
+    const r = await send('Page.captureScreenshot', { format: 'png' });
+    fs.writeFileSync(path.join(out, `${name}.png`), Buffer.from(r.data, 'base64'));
+  };
+  const file = async (selector, name) => {
+    const doc = await send('DOM.getDocument');
+    const node = await send('DOM.querySelector', { nodeId: doc.root.nodeId, selector });
+    await send('DOM.setFileInputFiles', { nodeId: node.nodeId, files: [name] });
+  };
+  const navigate = async () => {
+    let timer;
+    const load = new Promise((resolve, reject) => { loaded = resolve; timer = setTimeout(() => reject(new Error('Load timeout')), 20000); });
+    await send('Page.navigate', { url: 'http://127.0.0.1:5173/' });
+    try { await load; } finally { clearTimeout(timer); loaded = undefined; }
+    await until(`typeof window.loadBytesToApp === 'function' && !!document.querySelector('[data-card="excel"] button')`);
+  };
+  const select = (name) => click(`[...document.querySelectorAll('#rebar-pier-items button')].find(b => b.textContent.includes(${JSON.stringify(name)}) && b.textContent.includes('교대'))`);
+  await send('Page.enable'); await send('Runtime.enable'); await send('DOM.enable');
+  await send('Emulation.setDeviceMetricsOverride', { width: 1600, height: 1000, deviceScaleFactor: 1, mobile: false });
+  const downloads = 'C:\\Users\\User\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pierzainer-abut-name-20261105\\downloads';
+  await send('Browser.setDownloadBehavior', { behavior: 'allowAndName', downloadPath: downloads, eventsEnabled: true });
+  await navigate();
+  await click(`document.querySelector('[data-card="excel"] button')`);
+  await ev(`document.getElementById('project-name').value = '복합 교대명 검증'; document.getElementById('project-name').dispatchEvent(new Event('input'));`);
+  await file('#file', validFile);
+  await until(`document.getElementById('dlg-apply').textContent.includes('교대 2기')`);
+  check('both full names recognized without cascade errors', await ev(`document.getElementById('pv-abuts').textContent.includes('A1-완도') && document.getElementById('pv-abuts').textContent.includes('A2-완도') && !document.querySelector('#sheets .bad')`));
+  check('full-name checkboxes stay distinct', await ev(`document.getElementById('import-abut-A1-완도').checked && document.getElementById('import-abut-A2-완도').checked`));
+  await shot('01-full-names-import');
+  await click(`document.getElementById('dlg-apply')`);
+  await click(`document.getElementById('nav-rebar')`);
+  await select('A1-완도');
+  check('full name selects the start abutment', await ev(`document.getElementById('rebar-note').textContent.startsWith('A1-완도') && document.querySelectorAll('#rebar-tabs button').length === 6`));
+  await select('A2-완도');
+  check('full name selects the end abutment independently', await ev(`document.getElementById('rebar-note').textContent.startsWith('A2-완도')`));
+  const order = await ev(`[...document.querySelectorAll('#rebar-pier-items button')].map(b => b.textContent)`);
+  check('type-based order is preserved', order[0].includes('A1-완도') && order[1].includes('P1') && order[2].includes('A2-완도'));
+  await shot('02-independent-abutments');
+  await click(`document.getElementById('save-project')`);
+  await until(`document.getElementById('save-dialog').open`);
+  await click(`document.getElementById('sv-save')`);
+  for (let i = 0; i < 100 && !(downloadGuid && done.has(downloadGuid)); i++) await delay(150);
+  assert.ok(downloadGuid && done.has(downloadGuid), 'actual download completes');
+  const text = fs.readFileSync(path.join(downloads, downloadGuid), 'utf8');
+  const project = JSON.parse(text);
+  const expectedNames = ['A1-완도', 'A2-완도'];
+  assert.deepEqual(project.abutments.map((a) => a.name), expectedNames);
+  assert.deepEqual(project.abutDefaults.map((a) => a.name), expectedNames);
+  report.checks.push('actual download preserves both names and defaults');
+  const saved = path.join(out, 'full-names.pzr.json'); fs.writeFileSync(saved, text);
+  await navigate();
+  await ev('window.openSampleProject()');
+  await click(`document.getElementById('open-project')`);
+  await file('#project-file', saved);
+  await until(`document.querySelector('#toast-host').textContent.includes('열었습니다')`);
+  await click(`document.getElementById('nav-rebar')`);
+  await select('A1-완도'); await select('A2-완도');
+  check('fresh reopen regenerates full-name abutments', await ev(`document.getElementById('save-status').textContent === '저장됨' && document.getElementById('rebar-note').textContent.startsWith('A2-완도')`));
+  await shot('03-reopened');
+  await click(`document.getElementById('open-import')`);
+  await file('#file', badFile);
+  await until(`document.getElementById('dlg-apply').textContent.includes('교대 1기') && !!document.querySelector('#sheets details')`);
+  check('one bad definition does not disable another name', await ev(`document.getElementById('import-abut-A2-완도').checked && !document.getElementById('import-abut-A2-완도').disabled`));
+  check('dependent rows are collapsed under the root', await ev(`document.querySelectorAll('#sheets details').length === 1 && !document.querySelector('#sheets details').open && document.querySelector('#sheets details summary').textContent.includes('8개 행') && document.querySelectorAll('#sheets details p').length === 8`));
+  await shot('04-root-error-collapsed');
+  await click(`document.querySelector('#sheets details summary')`);
+  check('dependent rows remain available for diagnosis', await ev(`document.querySelector('#sheets details').open && document.querySelector('#sheets details').textContent.includes('IP') && document.querySelector('#sheets details').textContent.includes('받침')`));
+  await shot('05-related-rows');
+  check('no browser runtime errors', report.errors.length === 0);
+  report.result = 'PASS';
+}
+main().catch((error) => { report.result = 'FAIL'; report.failure = error.stack; process.exitCode = 1; }).finally(async () => {
+  if (report.result === 'FAIL' && send) {
+    try { const shot = await send('Page.captureScreenshot', { format: 'png' }); fs.writeFileSync(path.join(out, 'failure.png'), Buffer.from(shot.data, 'base64')); } catch { /* Keep the original error. */ }
+  }
+  report.finished = new Date().toISOString(); fs.writeFileSync(path.join(out, 'report.json'), JSON.stringify(report, null, 2));
+  console.log(JSON.stringify({ result: report.result, checks: report.checks.length, errors: report.errors, failure: report.failure }));
+  if (send) { try { await send('Page.close'); } catch { /* The tab may already be closed. */ } }
+  ws?.close();
+});
diff --git a/scripts/verify-abut-workflow.cjs b/scripts/verify-abut-workflow.cjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc150c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/verify-abut-workflow.cjs
@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+// Verify A1's six rebar cards, rendered views, edits and project round trip via CDP.
+// Run with Windows Node when CDP is served by Windows Chrome:
+// node scripts/verify-abut-workflow.cjs <input.xlsx> <output-directory> <download-directory>
+const fs = require('node:fs');
+const path = require('node:path');
+const assert = require('node:assert/strict');
+
+const [input, out, downloads, mode] = process.argv.slice(2);
+if (!input || !out || !downloads) throw new Error('input, output and download directories are required');
+const base = process.env.CDP || 'http://127.0.0.1:9444';
+const url = process.env.APP_URL || 'http://127.0.0.1:5173/';
+const report = mode === '--resume'
+  ? JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(path.join(out, 'report.json'), 'utf8'))
+  : { input, url, started: new Date().toISOString(), cards: [], errors: [], checks: [] };
+const delay = (ms) => new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
+fs.mkdirSync(out, { recursive: true });
+let ws;
+
+async function main() {
+  console.log('Connecting to Chrome', base);
+  const targets = await (await fetch(`${base}/json`, { signal: AbortSignal.timeout(10000) })).json();
+  const target = targets.find((t) => t.type === 'page');
+  assert.ok(target, 'Chrome page target');
+  ws = new WebSocket(target.webSocketDebuggerUrl);
+  await new Promise((resolve, reject) => { ws.onopen = resolve; ws.onerror = reject; });
+  let next = 0;
+  const pending = new Map();
+  const completed = new Set();
+  let downloadGuid;
+  let loaded;
+  ws.onmessage = ({ data }) => {
+    const message = JSON.parse(data);
+    if (message.id) {
+      const waiter = pending.get(message.id);
+      if (!waiter) return;
+      clearTimeout(waiter.timer);
+      pending.delete(message.id);
+      if (message.error) waiter.reject(new Error(JSON.stringify(message.error)));
+      else waiter.resolve(message.result);
+    } else if (message.method === 'Page.loadEventFired') loaded?.();
+    else if (message.method === 'Runtime.exceptionThrown') {
+      report.errors.push(message.params.exceptionDetails.exception?.description || message.params.exceptionDetails.text);
+    } else if (message.method === 'Runtime.consoleAPICalled' && message.params.type === 'error') {
+      report.errors.push(message.params.args.map((v) => v.value ?? v.description ?? '').join(' '));
+    } else if (message.method === 'Browser.downloadWillBegin') downloadGuid = message.params.guid;
+    else if (message.method === 'Browser.downloadProgress' && message.params.state === 'completed') completed.add(message.params.guid);
+  };
+  const send = (method, params = {}) => new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    const id = ++next;
+    const timer = setTimeout(() => { pending.delete(id); reject(new Error(`CDP timeout: ${method}`)); }, 20000);
+    pending.set(id, { resolve, reject, timer });
+    ws.send(JSON.stringify({ id, method, params }));
+  });
+  const evaluate = async (expression) => {
+    const result = await send('Runtime.evaluate', { expression, awaitPromise: true, returnByValue: true });
+    if (result.exceptionDetails) throw new Error(result.exceptionDetails.exception?.description || result.exceptionDetails.text);
+    return result.result.value;
+  };
+  const navigate = async () => {
+    let timer;
+    const event = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+      timer = setTimeout(() => reject(new Error('Page load timeout')), 20000);
+      loaded = resolve;
+    });
+    await send('Page.navigate', { url });
+    try { await event; } finally { clearTimeout(timer); loaded = undefined; }
+    await until(() => evaluate(`typeof window.loadBytesToApp === 'function'`), 'app event handlers loaded');
+  };
+  const until = async (test, label) => {
+    const end = Date.now() + 20000;
+    while (Date.now() < end) {
+      if (await test()) return;
+      await delay(150);
+    }
+    report.timeoutPage = await evaluate('document.body.innerText');
+    const shot = await send('Page.captureScreenshot', { format: 'png' });
+    fs.writeFileSync(path.join(out, 'failure.png'), Buffer.from(shot.data, 'base64'));
+    throw new Error(`Timeout: ${label}`);
+  };
+  const click = (expression) => evaluate(`(() => { const node = ${expression}; if (!node) throw new Error('Missing click target'); if (node.disabled) throw new Error('Disabled click target'); node.click(); return true; })()`);
+  const selectCard = async (label) => {
+    await click(`[...document.querySelectorAll('#rebar-tabs button')].find(b => b.textContent.startsWith(${JSON.stringify(label)}))`);
+    await until(() => evaluate(`document.querySelector('#rebar-table svg') !== null`), label);
+    await delay(250);
+  };
+  const screenshot = async (name) => {
+    const shot = await send('Page.captureScreenshot', { format: 'png' });
+    fs.writeFileSync(path.join(out, `${name}.png`), Buffer.from(shot.data, 'base64'));
+  };
+  const upload = async (selector, file) => {
+    const doc = await send('DOM.getDocument');
+    const node = await send('DOM.querySelector', { nodeId: doc.root.nodeId, selector });
+    assert.ok(node.nodeId, selector);
+    await send('DOM.setFileInputFiles', { nodeId: node.nodeId, files: [file] });
+  };
+  const editFirst = async (value) => evaluate(`(() => {
+    const node = document.querySelector('#rebar-table .abut-rebar-inputs input[type=number]');
+    if (!node) throw new Error('Missing rebar input');
+    const old = { id: node.id, value: node.value };
+    node.value = ${JSON.stringify(value)};
+    node.dispatchEvent(new Event('change', { bubbles: true }));
+    return old;
+  })()`);
+  const rows = () => evaluate(`[...document.querySelectorAll('#rebar-table table.rebar-table tbody tr')].filter(r => r.cells.length > 2).map(r => r.innerText)`);
+  const restoreView = async (card) => {
+    for (const text of card.context) {
+      await click(`[...document.querySelectorAll('#rebar-table .abut-optt')].find(b => b.textContent === ${JSON.stringify(text)})`);
+    }
+  };
+
+  await send('Page.enable');
+  await send('Runtime.enable');
+  await send('DOM.enable');
+  await send('Emulation.setDeviceMetricsOverride', { width: 1600, height: 1000, deviceScaleFactor: 1, mobile: false });
+  await send('Browser.setDownloadBehavior', { behavior: 'allowAndName', downloadPath: downloads, eventsEnabled: true });
+  await send('Page.addScriptToEvaluateOnNewDocument', { source: `
+    window.__drawCalls = 0;
+    for (const type of [window.WebGLRenderingContext, window.WebGL2RenderingContext]) {
+      if (!type) continue;
+      for (const method of ['drawElements', 'drawArrays', 'drawElementsInstanced', 'drawArraysInstanced']) {
+        const original = type.prototype[method];
+        if (original) type.prototype[method] = function(...args) { window.__drawCalls++; return original.apply(this, args); };
+      }
+    }
+  ` });
+  if (mode !== '--resume') {
+  await navigate();
+  await until(() => evaluate(`document.querySelector('[data-card="excel"] button') !== null && typeof window.loadBytesToApp === 'function'`), 'app loaded');
+  await click(`document.querySelector('[data-card="excel"] button')`);
+  await evaluate(`const name = document.getElementById('project-name'); name.value = 'A1 화면 검증'; name.dispatchEvent(new Event('input', { bubbles: true }));`);
+  await upload('#file', input);
+  await until(() => evaluate(`!document.getElementById('dlg-apply').disabled`), 'Excel import');
+  report.import = await evaluate(`({ sheets: document.getElementById('sheets').innerText, selection: document.getElementById('dlg-selected').textContent })`);
+  await screenshot('01-import');
+  await click(`document.getElementById('dlg-apply')`);
+  await click(`document.getElementById('nav-rebar')`);
+  await until(() => evaluate(`[...document.querySelectorAll('#rebar-pier-items button')].some(b => b.textContent.includes('교대'))`), 'abutment list');
+  await click(`[...document.querySelectorAll('#rebar-pier-items button')].find(b => b.textContent.includes('교대') && b.textContent.includes('A1'))`);
+  await until(() => evaluate(`document.querySelectorAll('#rebar-tabs button').length === 6`), 'six member cards');
+
+  for (const [index, label] of ['받침블럭', '벽체', '흉벽', '확대기초', '날개벽', '접속슬래브'].entries()) {
+    await selectCard(label);
+    const before = await rows();
+    assert.ok(before.length, `${label}: non-empty rebar table`);
+    const card = { label, rows: before, views: [] };
+    const views = await evaluate(`[...document.querySelectorAll('#rebar-table .abut-optt')].map(b => b.textContent)`);
+    assert.ok(views.length >= 2, `${label}: view tabs`);
+    for (const [viewIndex, view] of views.entries()) {
+      const drawBefore = await evaluate('window.__drawCalls');
+      await click(`[...document.querySelectorAll('#rebar-table .abut-optt')].find(b => b.textContent === ${JSON.stringify(view)})`);
+      await delay(350);
+      const facts = await evaluate(`({ svg: !!document.querySelector('#rebar-table svg'), badSvg: /(?:NaN|Infinity)/.test(document.querySelector('#rebar-table svg')?.outerHTML || ''), drawCalls: window.__drawCalls, canvases: [...document.querySelectorAll('canvas')].map(c => ({ width: c.width, height: c.height })) })`);
+      assert.ok(facts.svg && !facts.badSvg, `${label}/${view}: finite SVG`);
+      assert.ok(facts.drawCalls > drawBefore, `${label}/${view}: WebGL draw calls`);
+      await screenshot(`${String(index + 2).padStart(2, '0')}-${index}-${viewIndex}`);
+      fs.writeFileSync(path.join(out, `${index}-${viewIndex}.svg`), await evaluate(`document.querySelector('#rebar-table svg').outerHTML`));
+      card.views.push({ view, ...facts });
+    }
+    const originalValue = await evaluate(`document.querySelector('#rebar-table .abut-rebar-inputs input[type=number]').value`);
+    const changedValue = originalValue === '150' ? '200' : '150';
+    const old = await editFirst(changedValue);
+    const changed = await rows();
+    assert.notDeepEqual(changed, before, `${label}: input recomputes rows`);
+    assert.equal(await evaluate(`document.getElementById(${JSON.stringify(old.id)}).value`), changedValue);
+    card.edit = { ...old, changedValue, changedRows: changed };
+    {
+      const marks = await evaluate(`[...document.querySelectorAll('#rebar-table table.rebar-table tbody tr')].filter(r => r.cells.length > 2).map(r => r.cells[2].textContent)`);
+      assert.ok(marks[0], `${label}: selectable mark`);
+      await click(`document.querySelector('#rebar-table table.rebar-table tbody tr')`);
+      await delay(150);
+      if (!await evaluate(`document.querySelector('#rebar-table .rebar-select button:last-child').getAttribute('aria-pressed') === 'true'`)) {
+        await click(`[...document.querySelectorAll('#rebar-table .rebar-select button')].find(b => b.textContent === '선택만 보기')`);
+      }
+      await delay(250);
+      card.selection = await evaluate(`document.querySelector('#rebar-table .rebar-select').innerText`);
+      assert.ok(card.selection.includes('선택 1 /'), `${label}: one selected bar`);
+      await screenshot(`${String(index + 2).padStart(2, '0')}-${index}-selected`);
+    }
+    card.context = await evaluate(`[...document.querySelectorAll('#rebar-table .abut-optt[aria-pressed="true"]')].map(b => b.textContent)`);
+    report.cards.push(card);
+    console.log('Verified card', label);
+    fs.writeFileSync(path.join(out, 'report.json'), JSON.stringify(report, null, 2));
+  }
+
+  // Snapshot all tables after every edit, including dependent members and the wing side.
+  for (const card of report.cards) {
+    await selectCard(card.label);
+    await restoreView(card);
+    card.edit.changedRows = await rows();
+  }
+  fs.writeFileSync(path.join(out, 'report.json'), JSON.stringify(report, null, 2));
+  await click(`document.getElementById('save-project')`);
+  await until(() => evaluate(`document.getElementById('save-dialog').open`), 'save dialog');
+  await evaluate(`document.getElementById('sv-name').value = 'A1 화면 검증'; document.getElementById('sv-bridge').value = 'A1-verification'`);
+  await click(`document.getElementById('sv-save')`);
+  await until(async () => downloadGuid && completed.has(downloadGuid), 'download completes');
+  const downloaded = fs.readFileSync(path.join(downloads, downloadGuid), 'utf8');
+  const project = JSON.parse(downloaded);
+  report.savedAbutments = project.abutments;
+  assert.ok(project.abutments?.length, 'project contains abutments');
+  const savedFile = path.join(out, 'A1-roundtrip.pzr.json');
+  fs.writeFileSync(savedFile, downloaded);
+  report.checks.push('actual project download');
+  fs.writeFileSync(path.join(out, 'report.json'), JSON.stringify(report, null, 2));
+  }
+  await navigate();
+  // Enter the app shell through its existing sample entry, then open the saved file.
+  // This uses no original Excel file for reconstruction.
+  await evaluate('window.openSampleProject()');
+  await click(`document.getElementById('open-project')`);
+  await upload('#project-file', path.join(out, 'A1-roundtrip.pzr.json'));
+  await until(() => evaluate(`document.querySelector('#toast-host')?.textContent.includes('열었습니다') && document.getElementById('save-status').textContent === '저장됨'`), 'open saved project');
+  await click(`document.getElementById('nav-rebar')`);
+  await click(`[...document.querySelectorAll('#rebar-pier-items button')].find(b => b.textContent.includes('교대') && b.textContent.includes('A1'))`);
+  for (const card of report.cards) {
+    await selectCard(card.label);
+    await restoreView(card);
+    const restored = await evaluate(`document.getElementById(${JSON.stringify(card.edit.id)})?.value`);
+    assert.equal(restored, card.edit.changedValue, `${card.label}: restored input`);
+    assert.deepEqual(await rows(), card.edit.changedRows, `${card.label}: restored computed rows`);
+    card.roundtrip = 'PASS';
+  }
+  await screenshot('09-restored');
+  report.checks.push('6 member cards', 'all SVG view tabs', 'WebGL drawing', '6 input edits', '6 bar selections', 'actual project download', 'fresh page project reopen', '6 restored inputs and computed tables');
+  assert.equal(report.errors.length, 0, 'browser runtime errors');
+  delete report.failure;
+  delete report.timeoutPage;
+  report.checks = [...new Set(report.checks)];
+  report.result = 'PASS';
+}
+
+main().catch((error) => {
+  report.result = 'FAIL';
+  report.failure = error.stack;
+  process.exitCode = 1;
+}).finally(() => {
+  report.finished = new Date().toISOString();
+  fs.writeFileSync(path.join(out, 'report.json'), JSON.stringify(report, null, 2));
+  console.log(JSON.stringify({ result: report.result, cards: report.cards.length, errors: report.errors, failure: report.failure }));
+  ws?.close();
+});
diff --git a/src/core/abut/import-issues.ts b/src/core/abut/import-issues.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a19133
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/core/abut/import-issues.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import type { Issue } from '../types';
+
+export interface AbutImportIssueGroup {
+  name?: string;
+  primary: Issue[];
+  related: Issue[];
+}
+
+/** Keep root errors visible while retaining every dependent row in a disclosure. */
+export function groupAbutImportIssues(issues: readonly Issue[]): AbutImportIssueGroup[] {
+  const groups: { name?: string; issues: Issue[] }[] = [];
+  const byName = new Map<string, { name: string; issues: Issue[] }>();
+  for (const issue of issues) {
+    if (issue.pier === undefined) {
+      groups.push({ issues: [issue] });
+      continue;
+    }
+    let group = byName.get(issue.pier);
+    if (!group) {
+      group = { name: issue.pier, issues: [] };
+      byName.set(issue.pier, group);
+      groups.push(group);
+    }
+    group.issues.push(issue);
+  }
+  return groups.map(({ name, issues: items }) => {
+    const primary = items.filter((issue) => issue.code !== 'AP04');
+    const related = items.filter((issue) => issue.code === 'AP04');
+    if (!primary.length && related.length) primary.push({
+      ...related[0],
+      message: `교대 ${name ?? ''}: 교대 정보 행이 없어 IP·받침 ${related.length}개 행을 연결하지 못했습니다. 전체 교대명을 확인하세요.`,
+    });
+    return { name, primary, related };
+  });
+}
diff --git a/src/core/abut/name.ts b/src/core/abut/name.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fc569f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/core/abut/name.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+/** Shared display-name policy for Excel input and saved project records. */
+export function abutNameError(value: unknown): string | null {
+  if (typeof value !== 'string' || !value.trim()) return '교대명을 입력하세요.';
+  if (/[\u0000-\u001f\u007f-\u009f]/u.test(value)) return '교대명에는 줄바꿈·제어 문자를 사용할 수 없습니다.';
+  return null;
+}
diff --git a/src/core/abut/order.ts b/src/core/abut/order.ts
index 22b03f9..dd6198d 100644
--- a/src/core/abut/order.ts
+++ b/src/core/abut/order.ts
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ export interface StructureRef {
   type?: 'A1' | 'A2';
 }
 
-const numberOf = (name: string) => Number(name.replace(/\D/g, '')) || 0;
+const nameOrder = new Intl.Collator('ko', { numeric: true });
 
 export function structureOrder(abutments: { name: string; type: 'A1' | 'A2' }[], piers: string[]): StructureRef[] {
-  const start = abutments.filter((a) => a.type === 'A1').sort((a, b) => numberOf(a.name) - numberOf(b.name));
-  const end = abutments.filter((a) => a.type === 'A2').sort((a, b) => numberOf(a.name) - numberOf(b.name));
+  const start = abutments.filter((a) => a.type === 'A1').sort((a, b) => nameOrder.compare(a.name, b.name));
+  const end = abutments.filter((a) => a.type === 'A2').sort((a, b) => nameOrder.compare(a.name, b.name));
   const others = abutments.filter((a) => a.type !== 'A1' && a.type !== 'A2');
   return [
     ...start.map((a) => ({ kind: 'abut' as const, name: a.name, type: a.type })),
diff --git a/src/core/abut/parse.ts b/src/core/abut/parse.ts
index 25dcd95..0534dde 100644
--- a/src/core/abut/parse.ts
+++ b/src/core/abut/parse.ts
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import * as XLSX from 'xlsx';
 import { parseDms } from '../dms';
 import { swapXYAzimuth } from '../coordinate-frame';
 import type { Issue } from '../types';
+import { abutNameError } from './name';
 import type { AbutInput, AbutPoint, AbutType, WingForm } from './geometry';
 import type { AbutShape } from './shape';
 import type { AbutBearingRule } from './bearing-table';
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@ function readBlock(grid: Grid, header: number): { cells: Cell[]; row: number }[]
   return out;
 }
 
-export function parseAbutments(wb: XLSX.WorkBook): AbutParseResult {
+export function parseAbutments(wb: XLSX.WorkBook, reservedNames: readonly string[] = []): AbutParseResult {
   const issues: Issue[] = [];
   const info: { cells: Cell[]; row: number; sheet: string }[] = [];
   const ips: { cells: Cell[]; row: number; sheet: string }[] = [];
@@ -124,12 +125,24 @@ export function parseAbutments(wb: XLSX.WorkBook): AbutParseResult {
   }
 
   const abutments: AbutRecord[] = [];
+  const counts = new Map<string, number>();
+  for (const rec of info) {
+    const name = String(rec.cells[0] ?? '').trim();
+    counts.set(name, (counts.get(name) ?? 0) + 1);
+  }
+  const reserved = new Set(reservedNames.map((name) => name.trim()));
   for (const rec of info) {
     const c = rec.cells;
-    const name = String(c[0] ?? '').trim();
+    const rawName = String(c[0] ?? '');
+    const name = rawName.trim();
     const where = `${rec.sheet} ${rec.row}행`;
-    if (!/^A\d+$/.test(name)) {
-      issues.push({ code: 'AP01', level: 'E', sheet: rec.sheet, message: `${where}: 교대명 "${String(c[0] ?? '')}"이 올바르지 않습니다 (A1, A2 …).` });
+    const nameError = abutNameError(rawName);
+    if (nameError) {
+      issues.push({ code: 'AP01', level: 'E', pier: name, sheet: rec.sheet, message: `${where}: ${nameError}` });
+      continue;
+    }
+    if ((counts.get(name) ?? 0) > 1 || reserved.has(name)) {
+      issues.push({ code: 'AP09', level: 'E', pier: name, sheet: rec.sheet, message: `${where}: 구조물명 "${name}"이 중복되었습니다. 교각·교대마다 서로 다른 이름을 사용하세요.` });
       continue;
     }
     const type = String(c[1] ?? '').trim();
@@ -165,7 +178,7 @@ export function parseAbutments(wb: XLSX.WorkBook): AbutParseResult {
     const name = String(rec.cells[0] ?? '').trim();
     const ab = abutments.find((a) => a.name === name);
     if (!ab) {
-      issues.push({ code: 'AP04', level: 'E', sheet: rec.sheet, message: `${rec.sheet} ${rec.row}행: 교대명 ${name}의 교대 정보 행이 없습니다.` });
+      issues.push({ code: 'AP04', level: 'E', pier: name, sheet: rec.sheet, message: `${rec.sheet} ${rec.row}행: 교대명 ${name}의 교대 정보 행이 없습니다.` });
       continue;
     }
     const point = { e: num(rec.cells[3]), n: num(rec.cells[2]) };
@@ -180,7 +193,7 @@ export function parseAbutments(wb: XLSX.WorkBook): AbutParseResult {
     const name = String(c[0] ?? '').trim();
     const ab = abutments.find((a) => a.name === name);
     if (!ab) {
-      issues.push({ code: 'AP04', level: 'E', sheet: rec.sheet, message: `${rec.sheet} ${rec.row}행: 교대명 ${name}의 교대 정보 행이 없습니다.` });
+      issues.push({ code: 'AP04', level: 'E', pier: name, sheet: rec.sheet, message: `${rec.sheet} ${rec.row}행: 교대명 ${name}의 교대 정보 행이 없습니다.` });
       continue;
     }
     const h = num(c[8]);
diff --git a/src/core/project.ts b/src/core/project.ts
index d974b8e..837aeff 100644
--- a/src/core/project.ts
+++ b/src/core/project.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import type { FckByMember, Material } from './rebar/common';
 import { checkStoredGroundModel, type GroundModelFile } from './ground-model';
 import type { PierInput } from './types';
 import type { AbutRecord } from './abut/parse';
+import { abutNameError } from './abut/name';
 import { normalizeBearingAzimuths } from './coordinate-frame';
 
 /** Project file schema (spec §8). Bump only with a migration. */
@@ -74,8 +75,9 @@ export function parseProject(text: string): ProjectFile {
     }
   }
   if (obj.groundModel !== undefined) checkStoredGroundModel(obj.groundModel);
-  if (obj.abutments !== undefined) checkStoredAbutments(obj.abutments);
-  if (obj.abutDefaults !== undefined) checkStoredAbutments(obj.abutDefaults);
+  const pierNames = obj.piers.map((p) => p?.input?.name).filter((name): name is string => typeof name === 'string');
+  if (obj.abutments !== undefined) checkStoredAbutments(obj.abutments, pierNames);
+  if (obj.abutDefaults !== undefined) checkStoredAbutments(obj.abutDefaults, pierNames);
   obj.piers.forEach((p, i) => {
     if (!p || typeof p.id !== 'string' || !p.input) throw new Error(`교각 ${i + 1}: id 또는 input이 없습니다.`);
     const input = p.input;
@@ -111,11 +113,17 @@ const finite = (v: unknown) => typeof v === 'number' && Number.isFinite(v);
 const isPoint = (v: unknown) => !!v && typeof v === 'object' && finite((v as { e?: unknown }).e) && finite((v as { n?: unknown }).n);
 
 /** 교대 기록 check (AB): refuses a damaged abutment record with a message that names it. */
-export function checkStoredAbutments(list: unknown): void {
+export function checkStoredAbutments(list: unknown, reservedNames: readonly string[] = []): void {
   if (!Array.isArray(list)) throw new Error('교대 목록 형식이 맞지 않습니다.');
+  const names = new Set(reservedNames.map((name) => name.trim()));
   list.forEach((a: Partial<AbutRecord>, i) => {
     const who = `교대 ${i + 1}(${String(a?.name)})`;
-    if (!a || typeof a.name !== 'string' || !/^A\d+$/.test(a.name)) throw new Error(`${who}: 교대명이 맞지 않습니다.`);
+    const nameError = abutNameError(a?.name);
+    if (nameError) throw new Error(`${who}: ${nameError}`);
+    const name = a.name!.trim();
+    if (names.has(name)) throw new Error(`${who}: 구조물명 "${name}"이 중복되었습니다.`);
+    names.add(name);
+    a.name = name;
     if (a.type !== 'A1' && a.type !== 'A2') throw new Error(`${who}: 형식은 A1 또는 A2여야 합니다.`);
     for (const key of ['seatEl', 'foundationBottomEl', 'groundEl', 'pileLengthMm', 'skewDeg', 'slopeI'] as const) {
       if (!finite(a[key])) throw new Error(`${who}: ${key} 값이 맞지 않습니다.`);
diff --git a/tests/abut-name.test.ts b/tests/abut-name.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad42916
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/abut-name.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
+import * as XLSX from 'xlsx';
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { parseAbutments } from '../src/core/abut/parse';
+import { checkStoredAbutments, parseProject, serializeProject, SCHEMA_VERSION } from '../src/core/project';
+import { abutNameError } from '../src/core/abut/name';
+import { groupAbutImportIssues } from '../src/core/abut/import-issues';
+import { structureOrder } from '../src/core/abut/order';
+import { loadP1 } from './helpers';
+
+const file = fileURLToPath(new URL('../../../RAG/운곡교P1입력.xlsx', import.meta.url));
+function workbook(name: string) {
+  const wb = XLSX.read(readFileSync(file), { type: 'buffer' });
+  for (const sheet of wb.SheetNames) {
+    const rows = XLSX.utils.sheet_to_json<unknown[]>(wb.Sheets[sheet], { header: 1, defval: null });
+    for (const row of rows) if (row[0] === 'A1') row[0] = name;
+    wb.Sheets[sheet] = XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet(rows);
+  }
+  return wb;
+}
+
+describe('full abutment display names are preserved across import and project reopen', () => {
+  it.each(['A1-완도', 'A2-완도', '완도 A1 (상행) #2'])('connects all IPs and bearings for %s', (name) => {
+    const original = parseAbutments(workbook('A1')).abutments[0];
+    const result = parseAbutments(workbook(name));
+    expect(result.issues).toEqual([]);
+    expect(result.abutments).toEqual([{ ...original, name }]);
+    expect(result.abutments[0].type).toBe('A1'); // The name must not choose the structural type.
+  });
+
+  it('uses the same trimmed full name in info, IP and bearing tables', () => {
+    const result = parseAbutments(workbook('  A1-완도  '));
+    expect(result.issues).toEqual([]);
+    expect(result.abutments[0].name).toBe('A1-완도');
+    expect(result.abutments[0].bearings).toHaveLength(5);
+  });
+
+  it('reopens full names and imported defaults without losing identity', () => {
+    const base = parseAbutments(workbook('A1')).abutments[0];
+    const records = [{ ...base, name: 'A1-완도' }, { ...base, name: 'A2-완도', type: 'A2' as const }];
+    const text = serializeProject({
+      schemaVersion: SCHEMA_VERSION,
+      project: { name: '복합명', bridge: '완도', client: '', author: '', crs: 'KATEC', memo: '' },
+      source: { fileName: '입력.xlsx', sheets: ['Pier', 'IP', 'Bearing'] },
+      piers: [{ id: 'P1', input: loadP1() }],
+      abutments: records,
+      abutDefaults: records,
+      history: [],
+    });
+    const reopened = parseProject(text);
+    expect(reopened.abutments).toEqual(records);
+    expect(reopened.abutDefaults).toEqual(records);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('ambiguous and damaged names remain errors', () => {
+  it.each(['', '   ', 'A1\n완도', 'A1\u0000완도', null, 123])('rejects an empty, non-string or control-character name: %s', (name) => {
+    expect(abutNameError(name)).not.toBeNull();
+    const rec = parseAbutments(workbook('A1')).abutments[0];
+    expect(() => checkStoredAbutments([{ ...rec, name }])).toThrow();
+  });
+
+  it('rejects duplicate info rows instead of connecting to the first definition', () => {
+    const wb = workbook('A1-완도');
+    const rows = wb.SheetNames.flatMap((sheet) => XLSX.utils.sheet_to_json<unknown[]>(wb.Sheets[sheet], { header: 1, defval: null }));
+    const info = rows.find((row) => row[0] === 'A1-완도' && row[1] === 'A1')!;
+    XLSX.utils.book_append_sheet(wb, XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet([['교대명', '형식'], info]), '중복정보');
+    const result = parseAbutments(wb);
+    expect(result.abutments).toEqual([]);
+    expect(result.issues.filter((issue) => issue.code === 'AP09')).toHaveLength(2);
+    const rec = parseAbutments(workbook('A1')).abutments[0];
+    expect(() => checkStoredAbutments([{ ...rec, name: 'A1-완도' }, { ...rec, name: ' A1-완도 ' }])).toThrow('중복');
+  });
+
+  it('rejects collisions with pier names in input and project validation', () => {
+    expect(parseAbutments(workbook('P1'), ['P1']).issues.some((issue) => issue.code === 'AP09')).toBe(true);
+    const rec = parseAbutments(workbook('A1')).abutments[0];
+    expect(() => checkStoredAbutments([{ ...rec, name: 'P1' }], ['P1'])).toThrow('중복');
+  });
+
+  it('rejects invalid workbook names and groups every dependent row under the root', () => {
+    const result = parseAbutments(workbook('A1\n완도'));
+    expect(result.abutments).toEqual([]);
+    const groups = groupAbutImportIssues(result.issues);
+    expect(groups).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(groups[0].primary.map((issue) => issue.code)).toEqual(['AP01']);
+    expect(groups[0].related).toHaveLength(8); // Three IPs and five bearings remain traceable.
+  });
+
+  it('keeps genuine orphan references visible without dropping any rows', () => {
+    const wb = workbook('A1-완도');
+    for (const sheet of wb.SheetNames) {
+      const rows = XLSX.utils.sheet_to_json<unknown[]>(wb.Sheets[sheet], { header: 1, defval: null });
+      for (const row of rows) if (row[0] === 'A1-완도' && row[1] === 'A1') row[0] = '다른 교대';
+      wb.Sheets[sheet] = XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet(rows);
+    }
+    const result = parseAbutments(wb);
+    const groups = groupAbutImportIssues(result.issues);
+    const missing = groups.find((group) => group.name === 'A1-완도')!;
+    expect(missing.primary[0].code).toBe('AP04');
+    expect(missing.primary[0].message).toContain('8개 행');
+    expect(missing.related).toHaveLength(8);
+    expect(groups.some((group) => group.name === '다른 교대' && group.primary.some((issue) => issue.code === 'AP05'))).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('does not merge errors for different names or promote warnings to errors', () => {
+    const groups = groupAbutImportIssues([
+      { code: 'AP02', level: 'E', pier: 'A1-완도', message: '형식 오류' },
+      { code: 'AP04', level: 'E', pier: 'A1-완도', message: 'IP 3행' },
+      { code: 'AP04', level: 'E', pier: 'A2-완도', message: 'IP 4행' },
+      { code: 'AP07', level: 'W', pier: 'A3-완도', message: '높이 차이' },
+    ]);
+    expect(groups.map((group) => group.name)).toEqual(['A1-완도', 'A2-완도', 'A3-완도']);
+    expect(groups[2].primary[0].level).toBe('W');
+    expect(groups[2].related).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('sorts full names naturally inside type groups, ignoring suffix numbers as pier indices', () => {
+    const records = [
+      { name: 'A2-1', type: 'A1' as const },
+      { name: 'A1-20', type: 'A1' as const },
+      { name: '완도 종점', type: 'A2' as const },
+    ];
+    expect(structureOrder(records, ['P1']).map((entry) => entry.name)).toEqual(['A1-20', 'A2-1', 'P1', '완도 종점']);
+    expect(records[0].name).toBe('A2-1');
+  });
+});