diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index c668205..ff4ec60 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
 data/*.tmp
 __pycache__/
 *.pyc
+model/parts/
+model/tunnel_solids.step
diff --git a/data/verify_solids.json b/data/verify_solids.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74638a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/verify_solids.json
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+{
+  "solid_count": 128,
+  "runs": 40,
+  "pattern_coverage": "4745..5480 contiguous",
+  "lining_runs": 40,
+  "excavation_runs": 40,
+  "volume_sum_m3": 12406.136,
+  "step_bytes": 84621457,
+  "glb_bytes": 1287912,
+  "glb_geometries": 134,
+  "section_overlap_m2_by_station": {
+    "4745": {
+      "lining_vs_excavation": 0.01732111,
+      "base_vs_pavement": 0.0,
+      "lining_vs_base": 0.0,
+      "pavement_vs_lining": 0.0,
+      "base_vs_drainL": 0.0,
+      "base_vs_drainR": 0.0
+    },
+    "5105": {
+      "lining_vs_excavation": 0.01732111,
+      "base_vs_pavement": 0.0,
+      "lining_vs_base": 0.0,
+      "pavement_vs_lining": 0.0,
+      "base_vs_drainL": 0.0,
+      "base_vs_drainR": 0.0
+    },
+    "5165": {
+      "lining_vs_excavation": 0.01732111,
+      "base_vs_pavement": 0.0,
+      "lining_vs_base": 0.0,
+      "pavement_vs_lining": 0.0,
+      "base_vs_drainL": 0.0,
+      "base_vs_drainR": 0.0
+    },
+    "5480": {
+      "lining_vs_excavation": 0.01732111,
+      "base_vs_pavement": 0.0,
+      "lining_vs_base": 0.0,
+      "pavement_vs_lining": 0.0,
+      "base_vs_drainL": 0.0,
+      "base_vs_drainR": 0.0
+    }
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/model/tunnel_solids.glb b/model/tunnel_solids.glb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..daca782
Binary files /dev/null and b/model/tunnel_solids.glb differ
diff --git a/model/tunnel_solids_meta.json b/model/tunnel_solids_meta.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2cd8bc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/model/tunnel_solids_meta.json
@@ -0,0 +1,2161 @@
+{
+  "model": [
+    "tunnel_solids.step (STEP B-rep, Rhino/Autodesk)",
+    "tunnel_solids.glb (web viewer, same B-rep tessellated)"
+  ],
+  "scope": "4745~5480 (4+745~5+480)",
+  "units": "m",
+  "origin_plan_xy": [
+    151090.911,
+    483688.46
+  ],
+  "sections": {
+    "lining": "rev2: 라이닝 R6982/R7282, 하단 호 도면 끝점까지",
+    "excavation": "굴착 여유대 R7402/R4574/R4819 (노면 위)",
+    "road": "계획고 노면 포장 280 mm, 측점별 편경사 S (노면만)",
+    "base": "기층·인버트: 가정 (도면 미표현)",
+    "drains": "측구 300x836 mm, 관 r150",
+    "hi": "H/I 박스: 공동구 가정(사용자 결정)",
+    "clearance": "시설한계 50 mm 참조선 (솔리드 아님)"
+  },
+  "assumptions": [
+    "기층·인버트 형상·두께는 가정 (도면 미표현, 사용자 결정 '가정하여 생성')",
+    "H/I 박스 = 공동구 가정 (사용자 결정)",
+    "편경사 부호 z = (S/100)·x, x = 접선 좌측 법선 (부호 확인 필요)",
+    "라이닝·굴착 여유대는 대칭 (편경사 미적용)",
+    "측점 간 축선은 선형 보간, 단면은 10 m 간격 Ruled loft (곡선부 근사)",
+    "라이닝 H/I 박스 제외 부분은 3D 불리언 차감 (공동구 가정)"
+  ],
+  "pattern_runs": [
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_01_P-3",
+      "pattern": "P-3",
+      "from": 4745,
+      "to": 4763
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_02_WL-2",
+      "pattern": "WL-2",
+      "from": 4763,
+      "to": 4785
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_03_WL-1",
+      "pattern": "WL-1",
+      "from": 4785,
+      "to": 4796
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_04_D-2",
+      "pattern": "D-2",
+      "from": 4796,
+      "to": 4839
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_05_D-1",
+      "pattern": "D-1",
+      "from": 4839,
+      "to": 4848
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_06_C-2",
+      "pattern": "C-2",
+      "from": 4848,
+      "to": 4857
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_07_C-1",
+      "pattern": "C-1",
+      "from": 4857,
+      "to": 4862
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_08_B-2",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from": 4862,
+      "to": 4867
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_09_B-1",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from": 4867,
+      "to": 4873
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_10_A",
+      "pattern": "A",
+      "from": 4873,
+      "to": 4907
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_11_B-1",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from": 4907,
+      "to": 4915
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_12_B-2",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from": 4915,
+      "to": 4920
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_13_RP-1",
+      "pattern": "RP-1",
+      "from": 4920,
+      "to": 4940
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_14_C-1",
+      "pattern": "C-1",
+      "from": 4940,
+      "to": 4988
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_15_B-2",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from": 4988,
+      "to": 4998
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_16_B-1",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from": 4998,
+      "to": 5006
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_17_B-2",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from": 5006,
+      "to": 5019
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_18_B-1",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from": 5019,
+      "to": 5025
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_19_A",
+      "pattern": "A",
+      "from": 5025,
+      "to": 5110
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_20_RP-1",
+      "pattern": "RP-1",
+      "from": 5110,
+      "to": 5130
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_21_B-1",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from": 5130,
+      "to": 5140
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_22_B-2",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from": 5140,
+      "to": 5157
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_23_C-1",
+      "pattern": "C-1",
+      "from": 5157,
+      "to": 5204
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_24_B-2",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from": 5204,
+      "to": 5211
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_25_B-1",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from": 5211,
+      "to": 5221
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_26_A",
+      "pattern": "A",
+      "from": 5221,
+      "to": 5259
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_27_B-1",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from": 5259,
+      "to": 5279
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_28_A",
+      "pattern": "A",
+      "from": 5279,
+      "to": 5300
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_29_RP-1",
+      "pattern": "RP-1",
+      "from": 5300,
+      "to": 5320
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_30_A",
+      "pattern": "A",
+      "from": 5320,
+      "to": 5357
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_31_B-1",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from": 5357,
+      "to": 5363
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_32_B-2",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from": 5363,
+      "to": 5377
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_33_C-1",
+      "pattern": "C-1",
+      "from": 5377,
+      "to": 5390
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_34_C-2",
+      "pattern": "C-2",
+      "from": 5390,
+      "to": 5399
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_35_D-1",
+      "pattern": "D-1",
+      "from": 5399,
+      "to": 5406
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_36_D-2",
+      "pattern": "D-2",
+      "from": 5406,
+      "to": 5427
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_37_D-1",
+      "pattern": "D-1",
+      "from": 5427,
+      "to": 5446
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_38_WL-2",
+      "pattern": "WL-2",
+      "from": 5446,
+      "to": 5462
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_39_P-2",
+      "pattern": "P-2",
+      "from": 5462,
+      "to": 5468
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_40_P-3",
+      "pattern": "P-3",
+      "from": 5468,
+      "to": 5480
+    }
+  ],
+  "components": [
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_01_P-3",
+      "label": "라이닝 P-3 4.745~4.763",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "P-3",
+      "from_sta": 4745,
+      "to_sta": 4763,
+      "volume_m3": 136.3334,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        90,
+        60
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_02_WL-2",
+      "label": "라이닝 WL-2 4.763~4.785",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "WL-2",
+      "from_sta": 4763,
+      "to_sta": 4785,
+      "volume_m3": 166.6297,
+      "color": [
+        120,
+        90,
+        170
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_03_WL-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 WL-1 4.785~4.796",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "WL-1",
+      "from_sta": 4785,
+      "to_sta": 4796,
+      "volume_m3": 83.3148,
+      "color": [
+        200,
+        200,
+        120
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_04_D-2",
+      "label": "라이닝 D-2 4.796~4.839",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "D-2",
+      "from_sta": 4796,
+      "to_sta": 4839,
+      "volume_m3": 325.6885,
+      "color": [
+        100,
+        130,
+        160
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_05_D-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 D-1 4.839~4.848",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "D-1",
+      "from_sta": 4839,
+      "to_sta": 4848,
+      "volume_m3": 68.167,
+      "color": [
+        38,
+        70,
+        83
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_06_C-2",
+      "label": "라이닝 C-2 4.848~4.857",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "C-2",
+      "from_sta": 4848,
+      "to_sta": 4857,
+      "volume_m3": 68.167,
+      "color": [
+        138,
+        177,
+        125
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_07_C-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 C-1 4.857~4.862",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "C-1",
+      "from_sta": 4857,
+      "to_sta": 4862,
+      "volume_m3": 37.8706,
+      "color": [
+        233,
+        196,
+        106
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_08_B-2",
+      "label": "라이닝 B-2 4.862~4.867",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from_sta": 4862,
+      "to_sta": 4867,
+      "volume_m3": 37.8706,
+      "color": [
+        244,
+        162,
+        97
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_09_B-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 B-1 4.867~4.873",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from_sta": 4867,
+      "to_sta": 4873,
+      "volume_m3": 45.4447,
+      "color": [
+        231,
+        111,
+        81
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_10_A",
+      "label": "라이닝 A 4.873~4.907",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "A",
+      "from_sta": 4873,
+      "to_sta": 4907,
+      "volume_m3": 257.5198,
+      "color": [
+        42,
+        157,
+        143
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_11_B-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 B-1 4.907~4.915",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from_sta": 4907,
+      "to_sta": 4915,
+      "volume_m3": 60.5925,
+      "color": [
+        231,
+        111,
+        81
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_12_B-2",
+      "label": "라이닝 B-2 4.915~4.920",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from_sta": 4915,
+      "to_sta": 4920,
+      "volume_m3": 37.8703,
+      "color": [
+        244,
+        162,
+        97
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_13_RP-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 RP-1 4.920~4.940",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "RP-1",
+      "from_sta": 4920,
+      "to_sta": 4940,
+      "volume_m3": 151.4813,
+      "color": [
+        80,
+        170,
+        200
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_14_C-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 C-1 4.940~4.988",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "C-1",
+      "from_sta": 4940,
+      "to_sta": 4988,
+      "volume_m3": 363.5551,
+      "color": [
+        233,
+        196,
+        106
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_15_B-2",
+      "label": "라이닝 B-2 4.988~4.998",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from_sta": 4988,
+      "to_sta": 4998,
+      "volume_m3": 75.7407,
+      "color": [
+        244,
+        162,
+        97
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_01_P-3",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 P-3 4.745~4.763",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "P-3",
+      "from_sta": 4745,
+      "to_sta": 4763,
+      "volume_m3": 47.2417,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_02_WL-2",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 WL-2 4.763~4.785",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "WL-2",
+      "from_sta": 4763,
+      "to_sta": 4785,
+      "volume_m3": 57.7399,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_03_WL-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 WL-1 4.785~4.796",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "WL-1",
+      "from_sta": 4785,
+      "to_sta": 4796,
+      "volume_m3": 28.8699,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_04_D-2",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 D-2 4.796~4.839",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "D-2",
+      "from_sta": 4796,
+      "to_sta": 4839,
+      "volume_m3": 112.8458,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_05_D-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 D-1 4.839~4.848",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "D-1",
+      "from_sta": 4839,
+      "to_sta": 4848,
+      "volume_m3": 23.621,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_06_C-2",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 C-2 4.848~4.857",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "C-2",
+      "from_sta": 4848,
+      "to_sta": 4857,
+      "volume_m3": 23.621,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_07_C-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 C-1 4.857~4.862",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "C-1",
+      "from_sta": 4857,
+      "to_sta": 4862,
+      "volume_m3": 13.1228,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_08_B-2",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 B-2 4.862~4.867",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from_sta": 4862,
+      "to_sta": 4867,
+      "volume_m3": 13.1228,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_09_B-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 B-1 4.867~4.873",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from_sta": 4867,
+      "to_sta": 4873,
+      "volume_m3": 15.7473,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_10_A",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 A 4.873~4.907",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "A",
+      "from_sta": 4873,
+      "to_sta": 4907,
+      "volume_m3": 89.2243,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_11_B-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 B-1 4.907~4.915",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from_sta": 4907,
+      "to_sta": 4915,
+      "volume_m3": 20.9963,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_12_B-2",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 B-2 4.915~4.920",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from_sta": 4915,
+      "to_sta": 4920,
+      "volume_m3": 13.1227,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_13_RP-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 RP-1 4.920~4.940",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "RP-1",
+      "from_sta": 4920,
+      "to_sta": 4940,
+      "volume_m3": 52.4907,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_14_C-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 C-1 4.940~4.988",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "C-1",
+      "from_sta": 4940,
+      "to_sta": 4988,
+      "volume_m3": 125.9778,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_15_B-2",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 B-2 4.988~4.998",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from_sta": 4988,
+      "to_sta": 4998,
+      "volume_m3": 26.2454,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_16_B-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 B-1 4.998~5.006",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from_sta": 4998,
+      "to_sta": 5006,
+      "volume_m3": 60.6087,
+      "color": [
+        231,
+        111,
+        81
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_17_B-2",
+      "label": "라이닝 B-2 5.006~5.019",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from_sta": 5006,
+      "to_sta": 5019,
+      "volume_m3": 98.4743,
+      "color": [
+        244,
+        162,
+        97
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_18_B-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 B-1 5.019~5.025",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from_sta": 5019,
+      "to_sta": 5025,
+      "volume_m3": 45.4497,
+      "color": [
+        231,
+        111,
+        81
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_19_A",
+      "label": "라이닝 A 5.025~5.110",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "A",
+      "from_sta": 5025,
+      "to_sta": 5110,
+      "volume_m3": 643.8783,
+      "color": [
+        42,
+        157,
+        143
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_20_RP-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 RP-1 5.110~5.130",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "RP-1",
+      "from_sta": 5110,
+      "to_sta": 5130,
+      "volume_m3": 151.5067,
+      "color": [
+        80,
+        170,
+        200
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_21_B-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 B-1 5.130~5.140",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from_sta": 5130,
+      "to_sta": 5140,
+      "volume_m3": 75.7533,
+      "color": [
+        231,
+        111,
+        81
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_22_B-2",
+      "label": "라이닝 B-2 5.140~5.157",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from_sta": 5140,
+      "to_sta": 5157,
+      "volume_m3": 128.7807,
+      "color": [
+        244,
+        162,
+        97
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_23_C-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 C-1 5.157~5.204",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "C-1",
+      "from_sta": 5157,
+      "to_sta": 5204,
+      "volume_m3": 356.0289,
+      "color": [
+        233,
+        196,
+        106
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_24_B-2",
+      "label": "라이닝 B-2 5.204~5.211",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from_sta": 5204,
+      "to_sta": 5211,
+      "volume_m3": 53.0233,
+      "color": [
+        244,
+        162,
+        97
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_25_B-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 B-1 5.211~5.221",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from_sta": 5211,
+      "to_sta": 5221,
+      "volume_m3": 75.7476,
+      "color": [
+        231,
+        111,
+        81
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_26_A",
+      "label": "라이닝 A 5.221~5.259",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "A",
+      "from_sta": 5221,
+      "to_sta": 5259,
+      "volume_m3": 287.8409,
+      "color": [
+        42,
+        157,
+        143
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_27_B-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 B-1 5.259~5.279",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from_sta": 5259,
+      "to_sta": 5279,
+      "volume_m3": 151.4952,
+      "color": [
+        231,
+        111,
+        81
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_28_A",
+      "label": "라이닝 A 5.279~5.300",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "A",
+      "from_sta": 5279,
+      "to_sta": 5300,
+      "volume_m3": 159.07,
+      "color": [
+        42,
+        157,
+        143
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_29_RP-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 RP-1 5.300~5.320",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "RP-1",
+      "from_sta": 5300,
+      "to_sta": 5320,
+      "volume_m3": 151.4621,
+      "color": [
+        80,
+        170,
+        200
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_30_A",
+      "label": "라이닝 A 5.320~5.357",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "A",
+      "from_sta": 5320,
+      "to_sta": 5357,
+      "volume_m3": 280.2361,
+      "color": [
+        42,
+        157,
+        143
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_16_B-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 B-1 4.998~5.006",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from_sta": 4998,
+      "to_sta": 5006,
+      "volume_m3": 20.9936,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_17_B-2",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 B-2 5.006~5.019",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from_sta": 5006,
+      "to_sta": 5019,
+      "volume_m3": 34.1229,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_18_B-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 B-1 5.019~5.025",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from_sta": 5019,
+      "to_sta": 5025,
+      "volume_m3": 15.749,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_19_A",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 A 5.025~5.110",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "A",
+      "from_sta": 5025,
+      "to_sta": 5110,
+      "volume_m3": 223.1127,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_20_RP-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 RP-1 5.110~5.130",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "RP-1",
+      "from_sta": 5110,
+      "to_sta": 5130,
+      "volume_m3": 52.4995,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_21_B-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 B-1 5.130~5.140",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from_sta": 5130,
+      "to_sta": 5140,
+      "volume_m3": 26.2498,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_22_B-2",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 B-2 5.140~5.157",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from_sta": 5140,
+      "to_sta": 5157,
+      "volume_m3": 44.6246,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_23_C-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 C-1 5.157~5.204",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "C-1",
+      "from_sta": 5157,
+      "to_sta": 5204,
+      "volume_m3": 123.3725,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_24_B-2",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 B-2 5.204~5.211",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from_sta": 5204,
+      "to_sta": 5211,
+      "volume_m3": 18.3734,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_25_B-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 B-1 5.211~5.221",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from_sta": 5211,
+      "to_sta": 5221,
+      "volume_m3": 26.2478,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_26_A",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 A 5.221~5.259",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "A",
+      "from_sta": 5221,
+      "to_sta": 5259,
+      "volume_m3": 99.7416,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_27_B-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 B-1 5.259~5.279",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from_sta": 5259,
+      "to_sta": 5279,
+      "volume_m3": 52.4956,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_28_A",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 A 5.279~5.300",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "A",
+      "from_sta": 5279,
+      "to_sta": 5300,
+      "volume_m3": 55.1203,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_29_RP-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 RP-1 5.300~5.320",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "RP-1",
+      "from_sta": 5300,
+      "to_sta": 5320,
+      "volume_m3": 52.4883,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_30_A",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 A 5.320~5.357",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "A",
+      "from_sta": 5320,
+      "to_sta": 5357,
+      "volume_m3": 97.1064,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_31_B-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 B-1 5.357~5.363",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from_sta": 5357,
+      "to_sta": 5363,
+      "volume_m3": 45.4437,
+      "color": [
+        231,
+        111,
+        81
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_32_B-2",
+      "label": "라이닝 B-2 5.363~5.377",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from_sta": 5363,
+      "to_sta": 5377,
+      "volume_m3": 106.0353,
+      "color": [
+        244,
+        162,
+        97
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_33_C-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 C-1 5.377~5.390",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "C-1",
+      "from_sta": 5377,
+      "to_sta": 5390,
+      "volume_m3": 98.4613,
+      "color": [
+        233,
+        196,
+        106
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_34_C-2",
+      "label": "라이닝 C-2 5.390~5.399",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "C-2",
+      "from_sta": 5390,
+      "to_sta": 5399,
+      "volume_m3": 68.1655,
+      "color": [
+        138,
+        177,
+        125
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_35_D-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 D-1 5.399~5.406",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "D-1",
+      "from_sta": 5399,
+      "to_sta": 5406,
+      "volume_m3": 52.9914,
+      "color": [
+        38,
+        70,
+        83
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_36_D-2",
+      "label": "라이닝 D-2 5.406~5.427",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "D-2",
+      "from_sta": 5406,
+      "to_sta": 5427,
+      "volume_m3": 159.0598,
+      "color": [
+        100,
+        130,
+        160
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_37_D-1",
+      "label": "라이닝 D-1 5.427~5.446",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "D-1",
+      "from_sta": 5427,
+      "to_sta": 5446,
+      "volume_m3": 143.9113,
+      "color": [
+        38,
+        70,
+        83
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_38_WL-2",
+      "label": "라이닝 WL-2 5.446~5.462",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "WL-2",
+      "from_sta": 5446,
+      "to_sta": 5462,
+      "volume_m3": 121.1884,
+      "color": [
+        120,
+        90,
+        170
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_39_P-2",
+      "label": "라이닝 P-2 5.462~5.468",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "P-2",
+      "from_sta": 5462,
+      "to_sta": 5468,
+      "volume_m3": 45.4457,
+      "color": [
+        190,
+        110,
+        140
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "LIN_40_P-3",
+      "label": "라이닝 P-3 5.468~5.480",
+      "group": "라이닝",
+      "pattern": "P-3",
+      "from_sta": 5468,
+      "to_sta": 5480,
+      "volume_m3": 90.8913,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        90,
+        60
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_31_B-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 B-1 5.357~5.363",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "B-1",
+      "from_sta": 5357,
+      "to_sta": 5363,
+      "volume_m3": 15.747,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_32_B-2",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 B-2 5.363~5.377",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "B-2",
+      "from_sta": 5363,
+      "to_sta": 5377,
+      "volume_m3": 36.7429,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_33_C-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 C-1 5.377~5.390",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "C-1",
+      "from_sta": 5377,
+      "to_sta": 5390,
+      "volume_m3": 34.1184,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_34_C-2",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 C-2 5.390~5.399",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "C-2",
+      "from_sta": 5390,
+      "to_sta": 5399,
+      "volume_m3": 23.6205,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_35_D-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 D-1 5.399~5.406",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "D-1",
+      "from_sta": 5399,
+      "to_sta": 5406,
+      "volume_m3": 18.3693,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_36_D-2",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 D-2 5.406~5.427",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "D-2",
+      "from_sta": 5406,
+      "to_sta": 5427,
+      "volume_m3": 55.1168,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_37_D-1",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 D-1 5.427~5.446",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "D-1",
+      "from_sta": 5427,
+      "to_sta": 5446,
+      "volume_m3": 49.8676,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_38_WL-2",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 WL-2 5.446~5.462",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "WL-2",
+      "from_sta": 5446,
+      "to_sta": 5462,
+      "volume_m3": 41.9938,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_39_P-2",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 P-2 5.462~5.468",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "P-2",
+      "from_sta": 5462,
+      "to_sta": 5468,
+      "volume_m3": 15.7477,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "EXC_40_P-3",
+      "label": "굴착 여유대 P-3 5.468~5.480",
+      "group": "굴착면",
+      "pattern": "P-3",
+      "from_sta": 5468,
+      "to_sta": 5480,
+      "volume_m3": 31.4953,
+      "color": [
+        150,
+        120,
+        90
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "PAV_4745",
+      "label": "노면 계획고 포장 4745~4845",
+      "group": "노면(계획고)",
+      "pattern": null,
+      "from_sta": 4745,
+      "to_sta": 4845,
+      "volume_m3": 257.5483,
+      "color": [
+        96,
+        125,
+        139
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+      "group": "공동구(가정)",
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+      "group": "기층·인버트(가정)",
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+    },
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+        53
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+      "group": "기층·인버트(가정)",
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+        99
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+    },
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+      "group": "배수(측구)",
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+        229
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+    },
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+      "group": "배수(측구)",
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+        229
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+    },
+    {
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+      "group": "공동구(가정)",
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+      "group": "공동구(가정)",
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+        53
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+      "label": "기층·인버트(가정) 5245~5345",
+      "group": "기층·인버트(가정)",
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+      "group": "배수(측구)",
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+      "to_sta": 5345,
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+        229
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+    },
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+      "id": "DRNR_5245",
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+      "group": "공동구(가정)",
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+        53
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+        99
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+        229
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+      "group": "배수(측구)",
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+        229
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+      "group": "공동구(가정)",
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+        53
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+      "group": "공동구(가정)",
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+      "color": [
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+      "color": [
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+    {
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+      "group": "시설한계(참조선)",
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+    {
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+      "label": "시설한계 50 mm 참조선 3",
+      "group": "시설한계(참조선)",
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+      "reference": true
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+    {
+      "id": "REF_CLEAR_4",
+      "label": "시설한계 50 mm 참조선 4",
+      "group": "시설한계(참조선)",
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+        0
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+      "reference": true
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+    {
+      "id": "REF_CLEAR_5",
+      "label": "시설한계 50 mm 참조선 5",
+      "group": "시설한계(참조선)",
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+      "color": [
+        255,
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+      ],
+      "reference": true
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "REF_CLEAR_6",
+      "label": "시설한계 50 mm 참조선 6",
+      "group": "시설한계(참조선)",
+      "pattern": null,
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+      "volume_m3": 0,
+      "color": [
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+  ],
+  "open": [
+    "E-1, E-2, RP-2, WL-3 패턴 배치 [미확정] (당진 표 밖)",
+    "NP-5BE-1-WL-4 해석 [확인 필요]",
+    "04 공동구·배수 도면 상세 미반영 (측구·공동구 치수는 03-001 단면 기준)",
+    "편경사 부호(좌·우) 확인 필요"
+  ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/scripts/build_solids.py b/scripts/build_solids.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7916fd8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/build_solids.py
@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Task 8: B-rep solids of the main line (본선) 4+745..5+480 -> STEP (Rhino/Autodesk) + GLB (web viewer).
+
+Section geometry: standard section C0060303-001 (drawing 03-001), revision rev2 approved 2026-10-21.
+  - lining (라이닝): arch R6982 (inner) / R7282 (outer) about centre C; haunch arcs R3712/R3910 (inner),
+    R4454/R4699 (outer) run below road level as drawn; inner walls and inner chord (road level) as drawn.
+    Lining is symmetric (no superelevation). H/I boxes removed from lining (2D).
+  - excavation band (굴착 여유대): R7402 / R4574 / R4819 minus lining outer, above road level. Symmetric.
+  - road surface / 계획고 (노면, 포장 280 mm): cross slope S per station (superelevation). Only this part tilts.
+  - base / invert (기층·인버트, ASSUMED: not in drawing): region between lining outer and inner chord minus
+    pavement and side drains. Its top follows the tilted pavement bottom.
+  - side drains (측구): box 300 x 836 mm minus pipe r150 (drawing circles).
+  - H/I boxes (공동구, ASSUMED by user decision 2026-10-21).
+  - 시설한계 50 mm: REFERENCE polylines only (not solids), as decided by the user.
+Coordinates: local section x = lateral along the LEFT normal of the alignment (sign convention flagged),
+  z = height above road centre. Superelevation: z += (S/100)*x (sign flagged).
+Outputs: model/tunnel_solids.step, model/tunnel_solids.glb, model/tunnel_solids_meta.json, data/verify_solids.json
+Usage: python3 scripts/build_solids.py "$PWD"
+"""
+import csv, json, math, os, sys, tempfile
+import numpy as np
+from shapely.geometry import Polygon, box
+from build123d import Vector, Wire, Solid, Compound, Color, export_step, export_stl, import_step
+import trimesh
+
+ROOT = sys.argv[1]
+MODE = sys.argv[2] if len(sys.argv) > 2 else 'all'   # parts_a | parts_b | assemble (4 GB RAM: run in stages)
+PARTS = f"{ROOT}/model/parts"
+RANGE = (int(sys.argv[3]), int(sys.argv[4])) if len(sys.argv) > 4 else (0, 10**6)   # run index range for parts_a
+os.makedirs(PARTS, exist_ok=True)
+C_CSV = f"{ROOT}/data/alignment_plan_001_centre.csv"
+P_CSV = f"{ROOT}/data/profile_gl_002_draft.csv"
+PAT_CSV = f"{ROOT}/data/pattern_stations_dangjin.csv"
+S0, S1 = 4745, 5480
+STEP_M = 10.0           # section spacing (m): ruled loft between sections (STEP size vs curvature)
+CHUNK_M = 100
+PIPE_SEG = 24
+CLEAR_OFFSET = 0.05
+CLEAR_LINES = 6
+CLEAR_RIB_W = 0.02
+
+# ---------- drawing geometry (mm) -> local m ----------
+CX, CY, Y0 = 14126.29, 15305.02, 15672.0
+def P(x, y): return ((x - CX) / 1000.0, (y - Y0) / 1000.0)
+def arc(cx, cy, r, a0, a1, n=120):
+    return [(cx + r * math.cos(math.radians(a0 + (a1 - a0) * i / n)),
+             cy + r * math.sin(math.radians(a0 + (a1 - a0) * i / n))) for i in range(n + 1)]
+def loc(pts): return [P(x, y) for x, y in pts]
+WALL_L_INNER = [(8771, 15751), (8771, 15826), (8651, 16001), (8621, 16411), (8471, 16411),
+                (8171, 16411), (8045, 16411), (8034, 16446)]
+WALL_R_INNER = [(19481, 15567), (19481, 15642), (19601, 15817), (19631, 16227), (19781, 16227),
+                (20181, 16227), (20251, 16239)]
+INNER_MM = (WALL_L_INNER + arc(11621.3, 17406.9, 3712, 195.6, 140) + arc(CX, CY, 6982, 140, 40)
+            + arc(16479.6, 17279.7, 3910, 40, -15.6) + WALL_R_INNER[::-1])
+OUTER_MM = (arc(11959.9, 17122.8, 4454, 204.7, 140) + arc(CX, CY, 7282, 140, 40)
+            + arc(16105.0, 16965.3, 4699, 40, -23.7))
+EX_MM = (arc(11959.9, 17122.8, 4574, 204.0, 140) + arc(CX, CY, 7402, 140, 40)
+         + arc(16105.0, 16965.3, 4819, 40, -23.0))
+inner_poly = Polygon(loc(INNER_MM)).buffer(0)
+outer_poly = Polygon(loc(OUTER_MM)).buffer(0)
+ex_poly = Polygon(loc(EX_MM)).buffer(0)
+def _fill_slivers(g, tol=1e-3):
+    if g.geom_type != 'Polygon': return g
+    return Polygon(g.exterior, [h for h in g.interiors if Polygon(h).area > tol])
+ring = _fill_slivers(outer_poly.difference(inner_poly))   # 37 mm wall/haunch join leaves 1e-5 m2 slivers
+
+CHORD_A, CHORD_B = P(8771, 15751), P(19481, 15567)
+_k = (CHORD_B[1] - CHORD_A[1]) / (CHORD_B[0] - CHORD_A[0])
+def chord_z(x): return CHORD_A[1] + _k * (x - CHORD_A[0])
+below_chord = Polygon([(-9, chord_z(-9)), (9, chord_z(9)), (9, -5), (-9, -5)])
+above_chord = Polygon([(-9, chord_z(-9)), (9, chord_z(9)), (9, 9), (-9, 9)])
+
+XL = P(9526, 15764)[0]; XR = P(18726, 15580)[0]
+T_FIX = -0.02
+PAV_T = 0.28
+def pav_corners(t):
+    return [(XL, t * XL), (XR, t * XR), (XR, t * XR - PAV_T), (XL, t * XL - PAV_T)]
+pav_fix = Polygon(pav_corners(T_FIX))
+
+def rect_local(x0_mm, x1_mm, y0_mm, y1_mm):
+    (a, b), (c, d) = P(x0_mm, y0_mm), P(x1_mm, y1_mm)
+    return box(min(a, c), min(b, d), max(a, c), max(b, d))
+DRAIN_L = rect_local(9101, 9401, 14864, 15700)
+DRAIN_R = rect_local(18851, 19151, 14680, 15520)
+PIPE_L = (P(9251.3, 15064)[0], P(9251.3, 15064)[1], 0.150)
+PIPE_R = (P(19001.3, 14880)[0], P(19001.3, 14880)[1], 0.150)
+HBOX = rect_local(8171, 8471, 16051, 16411)
+IBOX = rect_local(19781, 20181, 15867, 16227)
+
+lin_full = _fill_slivers(ring.intersection(above_chord))
+assert lin_full.geom_type == 'Polygon' and len(lin_full.interiors) == 0, f"lining topology: {lin_full.geom_type}"
+LINING_POLY = lin_full.simplify(0.01, preserve_topology=True)   # 10 mm: removes 30 um edges (loft invalid) and cuts ~700 -> ~60 section vertices (STEP size)
+EXCAV_POLY = ex_poly.difference(outer_poly).intersection(box(-9, 0.0, 9, 9)).simplify(0.01, preserve_topology=True)
+assert EXCAV_POLY.geom_type == 'Polygon' and len(EXCAV_POLY.interiors) == 0, f"excavation topology: {EXCAV_POLY.geom_type}"
+base_fix = ring.intersection(below_chord).difference(pav_fix).difference(DRAIN_L).difference(DRAIN_R)
+assert base_fix.geom_type == 'Polygon' and len(base_fix.interiors) == 0, f"base topology: {base_fix.geom_type}"
+BASE_PTS_FIX = np.array(base_fix.exterior.coords)[:-1]
+def _find(pt):
+    d = np.hypot(BASE_PTS_FIX[:, 0] - pt[0], BASE_PTS_FIX[:, 1] - pt[1])
+    i = int(np.argmin(d)); assert d[i] < 1e-6, f"pavement corner not on base boundary: {d[i]}"
+    return i
+IDX_BL = _find((XL, T_FIX * XL - PAV_T)); IDX_BR = _find((XR, T_FIX * XR - PAV_T))
+def base_pts(t):
+    pts = BASE_PTS_FIX.copy()
+    pts[IDX_BL, 1] = t * XL - PAV_T
+    pts[IDX_BR, 1] = t * XR - PAV_T
+    return pts
+LIN_PTS = np.array(LINING_POLY.exterior.coords)[:-1]
+EXC_PTS = np.array(EXCAV_POLY.exterior.coords)[:-1]
+def PIPE_PTS(cx, cz, r):
+    return np.array([(cx + r * math.cos(2 * math.pi * k / PIPE_SEG), cz + r * math.sin(2 * math.pi * k / PIPE_SEG)) for k in range(PIPE_SEG)])
+DRAIN_L_PTS = np.array(DRAIN_L.exterior.coords)[:-1]
+DRAIN_R_PTS = np.array(DRAIN_R.exterior.coords)[:-1]
+HBOX_PTS = np.array(HBOX.exterior.coords)[:-1]
+IBOX_PTS = np.array(IBOX.exterior.coords)[:-1]
+
+# ---------- alignment, profile ----------
+cn = np.array([[int(r["station_m"]), float(r["centre_x"]), float(r["centre_y"])]
+               for r in csv.DictReader(open(C_CSV, encoding="utf-8"))])
+dg_d = {}
+for r in csv.DictReader(open(P_CSV, encoding="utf-8")):
+    if float(r["across_m"]) >= -25:
+        dg_d[int(r["station_anchor"])] = float(r["value"])
+dg_s = np.array(sorted(dg_d)); dg_v = np.array([dg_d[k] for k in dg_s])
+cn_s = cn[:, 0]
+def axis(s):
+    x = np.interp(s, cn_s, cn[:, 1]); y = np.interp(s, cn_s, cn[:, 2])
+    i = min(max(np.searchsorted(cn_s, s) - 1, 0), len(cn_s) - 2)
+    dx, dy = cn[i + 1, 1] - cn[i, 1], cn[i + 1, 2] - cn[i, 2]
+    L = math.hypot(dx, dy)
+    return x, y, dx / L, dy / L
+ORX, ORY = axis(S0)[0], axis(S0)[1]
+def slope_pct(s):
+    if s < 5105: return -2.0
+    if s < 5165: return -2.0 + 4.0 * (s - 5105) / 60.0
+    return 2.0
+def world(s, x, z):
+    ax, ay, tx, ty = axis(s)
+    nx, ny = -ty, tx
+    zr = float(np.interp(s, dg_s, dg_v))
+    return (ax - ORX + x * nx, ay - ORY + x * ny, zr + z)
+
+# ---------- B-rep helpers ----------
+def loft(stations, pts2_fn):
+    wires = []
+    for s in stations:
+        pts3 = [world(s, float(x), float(z)) for x, z in pts2_fn(s)]
+        wires.append(Wire.make_polygon([Vector(*p) for p in pts3], close=True))
+    sol = Solid.make_loft(wires, ruled=True)
+    if not sol.is_valid:              # end caps of lofts with near-degenerate edges; ShapeFix repairs them
+        sol = sol.fix()
+    return sol
+def stations_of(a, b, step=STEP_M):
+    n = max(1, int(round((b - a) / step)))
+    return [float(v) for v in np.linspace(a, b, n + 1)]
+def chunks():
+    out = []; a = S0
+    while a < S1:
+        b = min(a + CHUNK_M, S1); out.append((a, b)); a = b
+    return out
+
+PAL = {"A": (42, 157, 143), "B-1": (231, 111, 81), "B-2": (244, 162, 97), "C-1": (233, 196, 106),
+       "C-2": (138, 177, 125), "D-1": (38, 70, 83), "D-2": (100, 130, 160), "P-2": (190, 110, 140),
+       "P-3": (150, 90, 60), "RP-1": (80, 170, 200), "WL-1": (200, 200, 120), "WL-2": (120, 90, 170),
+       "개착부": (170, 170, 170)}
+COL = {"base": (141, 110, 99), "pav": (96, 125, 139), "drain": (30, 136, 229), "hi": (253, 216, 53),
+       "clear": (255, 111, 0)}
+
+runs = []
+for r in csv.DictReader(open(PAT_CSV, encoding="utf-8")):
+    a, b = int(float(r["sta_from"])), int(float(r["sta_to"])); pat = r["lining_pattern"]
+    a2, b2 = max(a, S0), min(b, S1)
+    if b2 > a2: runs.append((a2, b2, pat))
+runs.sort()
+assert runs[0][0] == S0 and runs[-1][1] == S1, f"pattern coverage {runs[0][0]}..{runs[-1][1]}"
+for (a1, b1, _), (a2, _, _) in zip(runs, runs[1:]):
+    assert b1 == a2, f"pattern gap/overlap at {b1} vs {a2}"
+
+solids, meta_c, clear_wires = [], [], []
+def add(sol, cid, label, group, color, pattern=None, a=None, b=None):
+    if not sol.is_valid:
+        sol = sol.fix()                      # booleans on lofts can leave cap faces invalid
+    assert sol.is_valid, f"invalid solid {cid}"
+    sol.label = cid; sol.color = Color(*[c / 255 for c in color])
+    solids.append(sol)
+    meta_c.append({"id": cid, "label": label, "group": group, "pattern": pattern,
+                   "from_sta": a, "to_sta": b, "volume_m3": round(sol.volume, 4), "color": list(color)})
+
+for i, (a, b, pat) in enumerate(runs):
+    if MODE != 'parts_a' or not (RANGE[0] <= i < RANGE[1]): continue
+    print('lining run', i + 1, pat, a, b, flush=True)
+    lin_run = loft(stations_of(a, b), lambda s: LIN_PTS)
+    lin_run = lin_run - loft(stations_of(a, b), lambda s: HBOX_PTS) - loft(stations_of(a, b), lambda s: IBOX_PTS)
+    add(lin_run, f"LIN_{i+1:02d}_{pat}", f"라이닝 {pat} {a/1000:.3f}~{b/1000:.3f}",
+        "라이닝", PAL[pat], pat, a, b)
+for i, (a, b, pat) in enumerate(runs):
+    if MODE != 'parts_a' or not (RANGE[0] <= i < RANGE[1]): continue
+    add(loft(stations_of(a, b), lambda s: EXC_PTS), f"EXC_{i+1:02d}_{pat}", f"굴착 여유대 {pat} {a/1000:.3f}~{b/1000:.3f}",
+        "굴착면", (150, 120, 90), pat, a, b)
+for (a, b) in chunks():
+    if MODE != 'parts_b': break
+    sts = stations_of(a, b)
+    add(loft(sts, lambda s: np.array(pav_corners(slope_pct(s) / 100.0))), f"PAV_{a}", f"노면 계획고 포장 {a}~{b}",
+        "노면(계획고)", COL["pav"], None, a, b)
+    add(loft(sts, lambda s: base_pts(slope_pct(s) / 100.0)), f"BASE_{a}", f"기층·인버트(가정) {a}~{b}",
+        "기층·인버트(가정)", COL["base"], None, a, b)
+    for side, dpts, pipe in (("L", DRAIN_L_PTS, PIPE_L), ("R", DRAIN_R_PTS, PIPE_R)):
+        bx = loft(sts, lambda s, d=dpts: d)
+        pp = loft(sts, lambda s, p=pipe: PIPE_PTS(p[0], p[1], p[2]))
+        add(bx - pp, f"DRN{side}_{a}", f"측구 {side} {a}~{b}", "배수(측구)", COL["drain"], None, a, b)
+    add(loft(sts, lambda s: HBOX_PTS), f"HBOX_{a}", f"공동구 H(가정) {a}~{b}", "공동구(가정)", COL["hi"], None, a, b)
+    add(loft(sts, lambda s: IBOX_PTS), f"IBOX_{a}", f"공동구 I(가정) {a}~{b}", "공동구(가정)", COL["hi"], None, a, b)
+
+# 시설한계 50 mm reference lines (wires, not solids)
+clr = inner_poly.buffer(CLEAR_OFFSET).exterior
+clr_pts = [(x, z) for x, z in list(clr.coords)[:-1] if z >= chord_z(x) - 1e-9 and abs(x) <= 5.4]
+idxs = np.round(np.linspace(0, len(clr_pts) - 1, CLEAR_LINES)).astype(int)
+clear_lines = []
+sts_all = stations_of(S0, S1)
+for k, ii in enumerate(idxs):
+    x0, z0 = clr_pts[ii]
+    pts3 = [world(s, x0, z0) for s in sts_all]
+    clear_lines.append(pts3)
+    if MODE != 'parts_b':
+        continue
+    w = Wire.make_polygon([Vector(*p) for p in pts3], close=False)
+    w.label = f"REF_CLEAR_{k+1}"; w.color = Color(1.0, 0.44, 0.0)
+    clear_wires.append(w)
+    meta_c.append({"id": f"REF_CLEAR_{k+1}", "label": f"시설한계 50 mm 참조선 {k+1}", "group": "시설한계(참조선)",
+                   "pattern": None, "from_sta": S0, "to_sta": S1, "volume_m3": 0, "color": list(COL["clear"]), "reference": True})
+
+if MODE in ('parts_a', 'parts_b'):
+    tag = f'lin_exc_{RANGE[0]:02d}' if MODE == 'parts_a' else 'other'
+    export_step(Compound(children=solids + clear_wires, label=tag), f"{PARTS}/{tag}.step")
+    json.dump(meta_c, open(f"{PARTS}/{tag}.json", 'w', encoding='utf-8'), ensure_ascii=False, indent=1)
+    print('parts written', tag, len(solids), 'solids', len(clear_wires), 'ref wires')
+    sys.exit(0)
+# ---- post-processing modes (each call < 180 s, 4 GB RAM) ----
+import glob
+TAGS = sorted(os.path.basename(x)[:-5] for x in glob.glob(f"{PARTS}/*.json"))
+from build123d import Solid as _Solid
+if MODE == 'mesh':                                   # python build_solids.py ROOT mesh <tag>
+    tag = sys.argv[3]
+    imp = import_step(f"{PARTS}/{tag}.step")
+    items = [x for x in (imp.children or list(imp.solids())) if isinstance(x, _Solid)]
+    pj = [m for m in json.load(open(f"{PARTS}/{tag}.json", encoding='utf-8')) if not m.get('reference')]
+    assert len(items) == len(pj), f"{tag}: {len(items)} solids vs {len(pj)} meta"
+    sc = trimesh.Scene(); tmp = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix='stl_')
+    for k, (sol, mm) in enumerate(zip(items, pj)):
+        stl = os.path.join(tmp, f"s{k}.stl")
+        export_stl(sol, stl, tolerance=0.002, angular_tolerance=0.2)
+        m = trimesh.load(stl, force='mesh')
+        m.visual.face_colors = np.tile(np.array(list(mm['color']) + [255], dtype=np.uint8), (len(m.faces), 1))
+        sc.add_geometry(m, geom_name=mm['id'])
+    sc.export(f"{PARTS}/{tag}.glb")
+    print('mesh', tag, len(sc.geometry), 'geometries'); sys.exit(0)
+if MODE == 'step':                                   # python build_solids.py ROOT step
+    allitems = []
+    for tag in TAGS:
+        imp = import_step(f"{PARTS}/{tag}.step")
+        allitems += list(imp.children or list(imp.solids()))
+    os.makedirs(f"{ROOT}/model", exist_ok=True)
+    export_step(Compound(children=allitems, label="본선 4+745~5+480 표준단면 모델"), f"{ROOT}/model/tunnel_solids.step")
+    print('step merged', len(allitems), 'items', os.path.getsize(f"{ROOT}/model/tunnel_solids.step"), 'bytes'); sys.exit(0)
+if MODE == 'final':                                  # python build_solids.py ROOT final
+    meta_c = []
+    for tag in TAGS:
+        meta_c += json.load(open(f"{PARTS}/{tag}.json", encoding='utf-8'))
+    scene = trimesh.Scene()
+    for tag in TAGS:
+        g = trimesh.load(f"{PARTS}/{tag}.glb")
+        for name, geom in g.geometry.items():
+            scene.add_geometry(geom, geom_name=name)
+    glb_faces = {}
+    for k, pts3 in enumerate(clear_lines):           # 시설한계 reference ribbons (visual only; exact wires in STEP)
+        P3 = np.array(pts3); V = []; F = []
+        for i in range(len(P3)):
+            d = P3[min(i + 1, len(P3) - 1)] - P3[max(i - 1, 0)]
+            d = d / (np.linalg.norm(d) + 1e-12)
+            w = np.cross(d, np.array([0, 0, 1.0])); w = w / (np.linalg.norm(w) + 1e-12) * CLEAR_RIB_W
+            V += [P3[i] - w, P3[i] + w]
+        for i in range(len(P3) - 1):
+            a0, b0, c0, d0 = 2 * i, 2 * i + 1, 2 * i + 2, 2 * i + 3
+            F += [[a0, c0, b0], [b0, c0, d0]]
+        m = trimesh.Trimesh(vertices=np.array(V), faces=np.array(F), process=False)
+        m.visual.face_colors = np.tile(np.array([255, 111, 0, 255], dtype=np.uint8), (len(m.faces), 1))
+        scene.add_geometry(m, geom_name=f"REF_CLEAR_{k+1}")
+    glb_path = f"{ROOT}/model/tunnel_solids.glb"
+    scene.export(glb_path)
+    step_path = f"{ROOT}/model/tunnel_solids.step"
+    solid_meta = [x for x in meta_c if not x.get('reference')]
+    meta = {
+      "model": ["tunnel_solids.step (STEP B-rep, Rhino/Autodesk)", "tunnel_solids.glb (web viewer, same B-rep tessellated)"],
+      "scope": f"{S0}~{S1} (4+745~5+480)", "units": "m",
+      "origin_plan_xy": [round(ORX, 3), round(ORY, 3)],
+      "sections": {"lining": "rev2: 라이닝 R6982/R7282, 하단 호 도면 끝점까지", "excavation": "굴착 여유대 R7402/R4574/R4819 (노면 위)",
+                   "road": "계획고 노면 포장 280 mm, 측점별 편경사 S (노면만)", "base": "기층·인버트: 가정 (도면 미표현)",
+                   "drains": "측구 300x836 mm, 관 r150", "hi": "H/I 박스: 공동구 가정(사용자 결정)", "clearance": "시설한계 50 mm 참조선 (솔리드 아님)"},
+      "assumptions": ["기층·인버트 형상·두께는 가정 (도면 미표현, 사용자 결정 '가정하여 생성')",
+                      "H/I 박스 = 공동구 가정 (사용자 결정)",
+                      "편경사 부호 z = (S/100)·x, x = 접선 좌측 법선 (부호 확인 필요)",
+                      "라이닝·굴착 여유대는 대칭 (편경사 미적용)",
+                      "측점 간 축선은 선형 보간, 단면은 10 m 간격 Ruled loft (곡선부 근사)",
+                      "라이닝 H/I 박스 제외 부분은 3D 불리언 차감 (공동구 가정)"],
+      "pattern_runs": [{"id": f"LIN_{i+1:02d}_{p}", "pattern": p, "from": a, "to": b} for i, (a, b, p) in enumerate(runs)],
+      "components": meta_c,
+      "open": ["E-1, E-2, RP-2, WL-3 패턴 배치 [미확정] (당진 표 밖)", "NP-5BE-1-WL-4 해석 [확인 필요]",
+               "04 공동구·배수 도면 상세 미반영 (측구·공동구 치수는 03-001 단면 기준)", "편경사 부호(좌·우) 확인 필요"]
+    }
+    json.dump(meta, open(f"{ROOT}/model/tunnel_solids_meta.json", "w", encoding="utf-8"), ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
+    ver = {"solid_count": len(solid_meta), "runs": len(runs), "pattern_coverage": f"{runs[0][0]}..{runs[-1][1]} contiguous",
+           "lining_runs": sum(1 for x in solid_meta if x['group'] == '라이닝'),
+           "excavation_runs": sum(1 for x in solid_meta if x['group'] == '굴착면'),
+           "volume_sum_m3": round(sum(x['volume_m3'] for x in solid_meta), 3),
+           "step_bytes": os.path.getsize(step_path), "glb_bytes": os.path.getsize(glb_path),
+           "glb_geometries": len(trimesh.load(glb_path).geometry)}
+    def _overlap(sample):
+        base = Polygon(base_pts(slope_pct(sample) / 100.0)); pav = Polygon(pav_corners(slope_pct(sample) / 100.0))
+        return {"lining_vs_excavation": round(LINING_POLY.intersection(EXCAV_POLY).area, 9),
+                "base_vs_pavement": round(base.intersection(pav).area, 9),
+                "lining_vs_base": round(LINING_POLY.intersection(base).area, 9),
+                "pavement_vs_lining": round(pav.intersection(LINING_POLY).area, 9),
+                "base_vs_drainL": round(base.intersection(DRAIN_L).area, 9),
+                "base_vs_drainR": round(base.intersection(DRAIN_R).area, 9)}
+    ver["section_overlap_m2_by_station"] = {str(st): _overlap(st) for st in [4745, 5105, 5165, 5480]}
+    json.dump(ver, open(f"{ROOT}/data/verify_solids.json", "w", encoding="utf-8"), ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
+    print(json.dumps(ver, ensure_ascii=False, indent=1)); sys.exit(0)
diff --git a/viewer/index.html b/viewer/index.html
index dba635c..5f8216b 100644
--- a/viewer/index.html
+++ b/viewer/index.html
@@ -3,17 +3,19 @@
 <head>
 <meta charset="utf-8">
 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
-<title>대산2터널 본선 3D 골격</title>
+<title>대산2터널 본선 3D 모델</title>
 <style>
-:root{--bg:#f6f6f4;--fg:#1d1d1b;--panel:rgba(255,255,255,.92);--line:#d7d7d2;--accent:#2f6f6a}
-@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark){:root:not([data-theme="light"]){--bg:#15171a;--fg:#e9e9e6;--panel:rgba(31,34,38,.92);--line:#3a3f46;--accent:#6fb7b0}}
-:root[data-theme="dark"]{--bg:#15171a;--fg:#e9e9e6;--panel:rgba(31,34,38,.92);--line:#3a3f46;--accent:#6fb7b0}
+:root{--bg:#f6f6f4;--fg:#1d1d1b;--panel:rgba(255,255,255,.93);--line:#d7d7d2;--accent:#2f6f6a}
+@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark){:root:not([data-theme="light"]){--bg:#15171a;--fg:#e9e9e6;--panel:rgba(31,34,38,.93);--line:#3a3f46;--accent:#6fb7b0}}
+:root[data-theme="dark"]{--bg:#15171a;--fg:#e9e9e6;--panel:rgba(31,34,38,.93);--line:#3a3f46;--accent:#6fb7b0}
 html,body{margin:0;height:100%;background:var(--bg);color:var(--fg);font-family:system-ui,"Noto Sans KR",sans-serif;overflow:hidden}
 #app{position:fixed;inset:0}
-#panel{position:absolute;left:12px;top:12px;width:300px;max-width:calc(100vw - 24px);background:var(--panel);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:10px;padding:12px 14px;font-size:14px;box-sizing:border-box}
-#panel h1{font-size:16px;margin:0 0 8px;color:var(--accent)}
-#toggles label{display:flex;gap:6px;align-items:center;margin:4px 0;font-size:13px}
-#info{white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5;margin-top:10px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:8px;max-height:38vh;overflow:auto}
+#panel{position:absolute;left:12px;top:12px;width:290px;max-width:calc(100vw - 24px);max-height:calc(100vh - 24px);overflow:auto;background:var(--panel);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:10px;padding:12px 14px;font-size:13px;box-sizing:border-box}
+#panel h1{font-size:15px;margin:0 0 6px;color:var(--accent)}
+#panel h2{font-size:12px;margin:12px 0 4px;color:var(--accent)}
+#panel label{display:flex;gap:6px;align-items:center;margin:3px 0;cursor:pointer}
+#pats{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:0 10px}
+#info{white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12px;line-height:1.55;margin-top:10px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:8px;min-height:3.2em}
 #status{position:absolute;right:12px;bottom:12px;font-size:12px;background:var(--panel);padding:4px 8px;border-radius:6px;border:1px solid var(--line)}
 </style>
 <script type="importmap">
@@ -23,28 +25,30 @@ html,body{margin:0;height:100%;background:var(--bg);color:var(--fg);font-family:
 <body>
 <div id="app"></div>
 <div id="panel">
-  <h1>대산2터널 본선 3D 골격</h1>
-  <div id="toggles"></div>
-  <div id="info">로딩 중입니다. 모델을 클릭하면 요소 정보가 표시됩니다.</div>
+  <h1>대산2터널 본선 3D 모델</h1>
+  <div style="color:var(--fg);opacity:.75">측점 4+745 ~ 5+480 · 단위 m</div>
+  <div style="display:flex;gap:6px;margin:6px 0 2px"><button id="viewAll" type="button">전체 보기</button><button id="viewStart" type="button">입구 (4+745) 보기</button></div>
+  <h2>지보패턴 (라이닝·굴착 여유대)</h2>
+  <div id="pats"></div>
+  <h2>굴착 여유대</h2>
+  <label><input type="checkbox" id="showExc" checked> 굴착 여유대 표시</label>
+  <h2>구성요소</h2>
+  <div id="comps"></div>
+  <div id="info">구성요소를 클릭하면 정보가 표시됩니다.</div>
 </div>
-<div id="status">로딩 중…</div>
+<div id="status">불러오는 중…</div>
 <script type="module">
 import * as THREE from 'three';
 import { GLTFLoader } from 'three/addons/loaders/GLTFLoader.js';
 import { OrbitControls } from 'three/addons/controls/OrbitControls.js';
 
-const MODEL = '../model/tunnel_skeleton.glb';
-const META = '../model/tunnel_skeleton_meta.json';
-const INFO = {
-  'lining_outer_R7282': '라이닝 외면 R 7.282 m\n출처: C0060303-001 CS-CONC-MAJR (R7282 호), 라이닝 두께 300 mm',
-  'lining_inner_R6982': '라이닝 내면 R 6.982 m (R1)\n출처: C0060303-001 상단 변수표 R1 = 6,982 mm',
-  'excavation_R7402': '굴착선 R 7.402 m (반투명)\n출처: C0060303-001 CS-EXCV 호',
-  'road_surface_계획고': '노면 (계획고)\n출처: C0060302-002 CR-TABL-TEX2 B열. 계획고 = 노면, F = 0.000 기준',
-  'ground_GL_지반고': '지반고 (GL, 개략 표시)\n출처: C0060302-002 CR-TABL-TEX2 A열. 중심선 양측 ±20 m 띠로 표시'
-};
+const MODEL = '../model/tunnel_solids.glb';
+const META = '../model/tunnel_solids_meta.json';
 const status = document.getElementById('status');
 const info = document.getElementById('info');
-const togglesEl = document.getElementById('toggles');
+const patsEl = document.getElementById('pats');
+const compsEl = document.getElementById('comps');
+const showExc = document.getElementById('showExc');
 
 const dark = matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches;
 const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({ antialias: true });
@@ -57,51 +61,110 @@ const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, innerWidth / innerHeight, 0.1, 20
 const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement);
 controls.enableDamping = true;
 scene.add(new THREE.HemisphereLight(0xffffff, 0x556070, 1.0));
-const sun = new THREE.DirectionalLight(0xffffff, 0.8);
+const sun = new THREE.DirectionalLight(0xffffff, 0.9);
 sun.position.set(1, 2, 1);
 scene.add(sun);
+const fill = new THREE.DirectionalLight(0xffffff, 0.7);
+fill.position.set(-1, -0.5, -1.2);
+scene.add(fill);
 
+const fmtSta = (m) => Math.floor(m / 1000) + '+' + String(Math.round(m % 1000)).padStart(3, '0');
+const GROUP_NOTE = {
+  '기층·인버트(가정)': '기층·인버트: 도면에 표현되지 않아 가정하여 생성한 형상',
+  '공동구(가정)': '공동구 H/I 박스: 공동구로 가정하여 생성한 형상',
+  '배수(측구)': '측구 및 배수관 (단면 도면 기준)',
+  '노면(계획고)': '노면 (계획고 기준, 측점별 편경사 적용)',
+  '시설한계(참조선)': '시설한계 50 mm 기준선 (참조용 선, 솔리드 아님)',
+  '굴착면': '굴착 여유대 (R 7.402 m 기준)',
+  '라이닝': '라이닝 (지보패턴별)'
+};
 const meshes = [];
-const loader = new GLTFLoader();
-loader.load(MODEL, (gltf) => {
+let META_BY_ID = {};
+let patternOn = {};
+let groupOn = {};
+
+function applyVisibility() {
+  for (const m of meshes) {
+    const d = m.userData;
+    let v = true;
+    if (d.pattern) v = !!patternOn[d.pattern];
+    if (d.group === '굴착면') v = v && showExc.checked;
+    if (d.group in groupOn) v = v && groupOn[d.group];
+    m.visible = v;
+  }
+}
+showExc.addEventListener('change', applyVisibility);
+
+Promise.all([
+  fetch(META).then((r) => r.json()),
+  new Promise((res, rej) => new GLTFLoader().load(MODEL, res, undefined, rej))
+]).then(([meta, gltf]) => {
+  for (const c of meta.components) META_BY_ID[c.id] = c;
   const root = gltf.scene;
   scene.add(root);
   root.traverse((o) => {
-    if (o.isMesh) {
-      const name = o.name || (o.parent && o.parent.name) || 'unnamed';
-      o.userData.key = name;
-      o.material.side = THREE.DoubleSide;
-      if (/excavation|ground/.test(name)) { o.material.transparent = true; o.material.opacity = 0.55; o.material.depthWrite = false; }
-      meshes.push(o);
-    }
+    if (!o.isMesh) return;
+    const c = META_BY_ID[o.name];
+    o.userData = { id: o.name, group: c ? c.group : '', pattern: c && c.pattern ? c.pattern : null,
+                   from: c ? c.from_sta : null, to: c ? c.to_sta : null, label: c ? c.label : o.name };
+    o.geometry.computeVertexNormals();   // GLB normals from the exporter are not reliable for shading
+    const rgb = c && c.color ? c.color : [200, 200, 200];
+    o.material = new THREE.MeshStandardMaterial({ color: new THREE.Color(rgb[0] / 255, rgb[1] / 255, rgb[2] / 255),
+      roughness: 0.75, metalness: 0.0, side: THREE.DoubleSide });
+    if (o.userData.group === '굴착면') { o.material.transparent = true; o.material.opacity = 0.55; o.material.depthWrite = false; }
+    meshes.push(o);
   });
   const box = new THREE.Box3().setFromObject(root);
   const c = box.getCenter(new THREE.Vector3());
   const s = box.getSize(new THREE.Vector3());
   const d = Math.max(s.x, s.y, s.z);
-  controls.target.copy(c);
-  camera.position.set(c.x + d * 0.6, c.y + d * 0.5, c.z + d * 0.9);
-  camera.near = d / 1000; camera.far = d * 20; camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
-  const names = [...new Set(meshes.map((m) => m.userData.key))];
-  for (const n of names) {
+  const viewFrom = (center, dist) => {
+    const dir = new THREE.Vector3(0.6, 0.45, 0.9).normalize();
+    controls.target.copy(center);
+    camera.position.copy(center).addScaledVector(dir, dist);
+    camera.near = Math.max(dist / 2000, 0.05); camera.far = dist * 20; camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
+  };
+  const overview = () => viewFrom(c, d * 0.75);
+  const focusStation = (sta) => {
+    const bb = new THREE.Box3(); let any = false;
+    for (const m of meshes) {
+      if (m.userData.group === '라이닝' && m.userData.from <= sta && sta < m.userData.to) { bb.union(new THREE.Box3().setFromObject(m)); any = true; }
+    }
+    if (!any) return;
+    const cc = bb.getCenter(new THREE.Vector3()), ss = bb.getSize(new THREE.Vector3());
+    viewFrom(cc, Math.max(ss.x, ss.y, ss.z) * 2.2 + 12);
+  };
+  document.getElementById('viewAll').addEventListener('click', overview);
+  document.getElementById('viewStart').addEventListener('click', () => focusStation(4745));
+  overview();
+
+  const pats = [...new Set(meta.components.filter((x) => x.pattern).map((x) => x.pattern))];
+  for (const p of pats) {
+    patternOn[p] = true;
     const lab = document.createElement('label');
     const cb = document.createElement('input');
     cb.type = 'checkbox'; cb.checked = true;
-    cb.addEventListener('change', () => meshes.filter((m) => m.userData.key === n).forEach((m) => (m.visible = cb.checked)));
-    lab.append(cb, document.createTextNode(n));
-    togglesEl.appendChild(lab);
+    cb.addEventListener('change', () => { patternOn[p] = cb.checked; applyVisibility(); });
+    lab.append(cb, document.createTextNode(p));
+    patsEl.appendChild(lab);
   }
-  status.textContent = '로드 완료 · 요소 ' + names.length + '종';
-}, undefined, () => {
-  status.textContent = '로드 실패: 파일을 HTTP 서버로 여세요 (README 참조)';
+  const groups = [['노면(계획고)', '노면(계획고)'], ['기층·인버트(가정)', '기층·인버트(가정)'], ['배수(측구)', '배수(측구)'], ['공동구(가정)', '공동구(가정)'], ['시설한계(참조선)', '시설한계 50 mm 참조선']];
+  for (const [key, text] of groups) {
+    groupOn[key] = key !== '시설한계(참조선)' ? true : true;
+    const lab = document.createElement('label');
+    const cb = document.createElement('input');
+    cb.type = 'checkbox'; cb.checked = true;
+    cb.addEventListener('change', () => { groupOn[key] = cb.checked; applyVisibility(); });
+    lab.append(cb, document.createTextNode(text));
+    compsEl.appendChild(lab);
+  }
+  applyVisibility();
+  const nLin = meta.components.filter((x) => x.group === '라이닝').length;
+  status.textContent = '로드 완료 · 지보패턴 구간 ' + nLin + '개';
+}).catch((e) => {
+  status.textContent = '로드 실패: HTTP 서버에서 여세요 (' + e.message + ')';
 });
 
-let M = null;
-fetch(META).then((r) => r.json()).then((m) => {
-  M = m;
-  info.textContent = '범위: ' + m.scope + ' (단위 ' + m.units + ')\n패턴: ' + m.pattern_status + '\n근사 항목:\n- ' + m.approximations.join('\n- ') + '\n미완:\n- ' + m.open.join('\n- ');
-}).catch(() => {});
-
 const ray = new THREE.Raycaster();
 const ptr = new THREE.Vector2();
 let downAt = null;
@@ -112,19 +175,12 @@ renderer.domElement.addEventListener('pointerup', (e) => {
   ptr.set(((e.clientX - r.left) / r.width) * 2 - 1, -((e.clientY - r.top) / r.height) * 2 + 1);
   ray.setFromCamera(ptr, camera);
   const hit = ray.intersectObjects(meshes.filter((m) => m.visible), false)[0];
-  if (hit) {
-    const key = hit.object.userData.key;
-    let extra = '';
-    if (M && key.startsWith('lining') && hit.faceIndex != null) {
-      const n = M.ring_points;
-      const ring = Math.floor(hit.faceIndex / (2 * (n - 1)));
-      const sta = M.first_station + ring * M.ring_step_m;
-      const z = M.patterns.find((z) => sta >= z.from && sta < z.to);
-      const km = Math.floor(sta / 1000), m = Math.round(sta % 1000);
-      extra = '\n측점: ' + km + '+' + String(m).padStart(3, '0') + '\n패턴: ' + (z ? z.pattern : '-') + ' (엑셀 지보패턴표, 당진방향)' + (M.lining_reference ? '\n라이닝 상세: ' + M.lining_reference.summary : '');
-    }
-    info.textContent = (INFO[key] || key) + extra + '\n교차점: x=' + hit.point.x.toFixed(2) + ' y=' + hit.point.y.toFixed(2) + ' z=' + hit.point.z.toFixed(2) + ' (m, 모델 좌표)';
-  }
+  if (!hit) return;
+  const u = hit.object.userData;
+  const head = u.group + (u.pattern ? '  ·  지보패턴 ' + u.pattern : '');
+  const sta = u.from != null ? '\n측점  ' + fmtSta(u.from) + ' ~ ' + fmtSta(u.to) : '';
+  const note = GROUP_NOTE[u.group] ? '\n' + GROUP_NOTE[u.group] : '';
+  info.textContent = head + sta + note;
 });
 
 addEventListener('resize', () => {