SAM 3.1 후처리 — 검출 커버리지 · 집합 병합

1단계는 미검출을 없애는 것이다. 지표는 '무라벨 화면%' — 마스크 합집합으로 재서 겹침을 뺀 값. 목표 5% 이하, 8장 평균 3.6% 로 달성. 2단계는 집합으로 묶고 외곽선이 gap px 이내로 인접한 폴리곤을 합치는 것.

생성 2026-09-01 18:49 · 집계 tune_t64

실측

사진

폴리곤

4,586

병합 후 폴리곤

2,636 (-43%)

라벨 종류

79 / 94

집합

검출 면적 / 화면

182.1%

집합 없는 폴리곤

미검출 — 무라벨 화면%

마스크 합집합 기준(겹침 제거), 축척 1/4. 목표 5% 이하.

무라벨 평균

3.6%

무라벨 중앙

4.4%

최악

5.0%

5% 이하 사진

7 / 8

사진	폴리곤	무라벨%
DJI_20250805165516_0654	363	5.0%
DJI_20250805163523_0006	923	5.0%
DJI_20250805165514_0653	377	4.7%
DJI_20250805163720_0079	443	4.4%
DJI_20250805164932_0484	606	3.0%
DJI_20250805164304_0274	873	2.9%
DJI_20250805164457_0321	714	2.5%
DJI_20250805164917_0475	287	1.5%

공정 보기 — 같은 사진, 단계별

SAM 검출 4,586 폴리곤(79 라벨)→ 집합 병합 →2,636 폴리곤(14 집합)· 사진 8장 기준

왼쪽 목록에서 라벨을 켜고 끈다. 휠 확대, 드래그 이동. 새 창: 1. SAM 검출 — 확정 설정 · 2. 집합 병합 후 (gap 2px) · 참고: 기준선 검출 (conf 0.25, 4×3)

단계

M1완료

프롬프트별 검출 집계

tools/prompt_stats.py. YYX_run 실측: 폴리곤 13,580 · 라벨 77종.

M1b완료

공정 보기(검출 → 병합) 뷰어 연결

tools/make_viewer.py 로 같은 사진 3장을 단계별로 굽고 모니터에 붙였다. docs/pilot/theater/.

M1c완료

무라벨 지표 확립

tools/coverage_stats.py. YYX_run 69장 실측: 무라벨 평균 16.1% · 중앙 15.0% · 최악 52.1%(0654). 덮음 95% 이상은 2장뿐.

M1d완료

통짜 패스 원인 규명

wide_v1.txt 의 21개(asphalt road, crop field, farmland, tree canopy 등)는 8192×5460 을 1×1 로 넣어 대상당 인스턴스가 1개만 살아남았다. 0006 에서 asphalt road 가 서쪽 차로만 덮음(1개, score 0.910).

M1e완료

--wide-in-tiles 시험

통짜 프롬프트를 타일 패스에도 돌린다. 0654 무라벨 52.1→15.4%, 0006 19.4→12.2%. 비용 140→231초/장 (+65%).

M1f완료

경계 띠 프롬프트 추가 (v3)

잔여 무라벨이 논밭 둑·도로 법면·밭 가장자리 잡초였다. overgrown weeds / shrub / grass covered embankment / earth bank / dirt path 5개 추가. 효과 작음 — 0654 15.4→14.9%, 0006 12.2→11.9%.

M1g완료

conf 스윕

conf 0.10 으로 한 번 뽑고 점수 문턱을 오프라인으로 쓸었다. 0006: 0.25에서 9.3% → 0.10에서 5.8%. 0654: 13.1% → 9.5%. conf 0.03 은 마스크 폭증으로 37분에 1장도 못 끝내 중단.

M1h완료

v4 프롬프트 (익은 논·갓길)

ripening rice field / yellow grass field / harvested field / gravel shoulder 추가. 효과 없음 — 0006 5.8→5.7%, 0654 9.5→9.6%. 프롬프트 추가는 포화.

M1i완료

타일 4×3 → 6×4 (목표 달성)

conf 0.10 · v4 프롬프트 · --wide-in-tiles 와 함께. 4장 실측 무라벨: 0654 5.0% (기준선 52.1) · 0484 3.0% (38.7) · 0079 4.4% (27.1) · 0006 5.0% (19.4). 평균 34.3% → 4.35%. 비용 466~616초/장, 평균 523초 = 기준선 140초의 3.7배. 69장 재검출 시 약 10시간.

M1j완료

확정 설정 8장 검증

8장 실측 무라벨(conf 0.10): 0654 5.0 · 0006 5.0 · 0653 4.7 · 0079 4.4 · 0484 3.0 · 0274 2.9 · 0321 2.5 · 0475 1.5 → 평균 3.6%. 같은 8장 기준선은 평균 21.8%. 소요 466~662초/장(평균 548초). 중간에 PC 다운으로 2장 유실, 재개함.

M2대기

집합 정의 조정

튜닝 검출 결과(라벨 79종)를 보고 집합을 다시 짠다. 1차는 Claude, 이후 사용자.

M3대기

gap 값 조정

외곽선 인접 판정 1~3 px. 파일럿 기준 2 px 로 시작.

이슈 · 기각된 시도

해결

통짜(1×1) 패스는 대상 하나에 인스턴스가 하나만 남는다 — 도로 한쪽 차로, 논 한 필지만 잡힘. --wide-in-tiles 로 해결(측정치는 M1e).

미해결

orange traffic cone / yellow safety cone 은 어느 집합에도 없어 검출 52 폴리곤이 버려진다. [cone] 그룹이 주석 처리돼 있음 — 나란히 놓인 콘이 한 덩어리로 융합된다는 이유.

미해결

검출 0 인 프롬프트 8개 (plowed field, rice paddy, vinyl greenhouse tunnel, gabion wall, road embankment slope, riprap slope, water surface, reservoir) — 유지할지 뺄지 미정.

기각

프롬프트 색 특정성 A/B (car/sedan/suv/van/pickup truck) — 폴리곤 +26% 인데 마스크 면적은 +0.002~0.068%p 뿐, 신규 마스크의 90~99%가 기존과 겹침.

기각

정사영상으로 차량 검증 — 경사 사진(2025-08-05)과 정사영상(250922)이 다른 비행이라 주차 차량 위치가 다르다.

집합별 합계

집합	프롬프트(검출>0/전체)	폴리곤	폴리곤%	면적%	병합 후 폴리곤	줄어든 비율	병합 후 면적%
vegetation	6 / 7	1,336	29.1%	19.27%	771	42%	19.04%
building	17 / 21	732	16.0%	11.27%	157	79%	9.58%
structure	4 / 4	589	12.8%	0.48%	464	21%	0.61%
ground	4 / 4	439	9.6%	6.62%	257	41%	7.55%
road	6 / 7	393	8.6%	18.45%	106	73%	18.76%
fence	4 / 5	315	6.9%	0.76%	286	9%	1.02%
vehicle	12 / 14	217	4.7%	0.51%	189	13%	0.70%
stored material	8 / 9	205	4.5%	0.82%	168	18%	1.14%
farmland	7 / 8	196	4.3%	38.33%	75	62%	36.63%
slope	2 / 4	54	1.2%	3.25%	54	0%	4.62%
없음	2 / 2	50	1.1%	0.00%	50	0%	0.01%
retaining wall	3 / 3	42	0.9%	0.17%	41	2%	0.23%
water	4 / 6	18	0.4%	0.08%	18	0%	0.11%

병합 후 면적%는 병합 후 총검출면적 기준. 겹침을 빼지 않은 다각형 넓이 합이다.

카테고리 · 프롬프트별 검출

검출 0 만

프롬프트	카테고리	집합	폴리곤	사진	면적%	중앙 면적 px	점수 중앙
building	General Categories	building	50	7	5.99%	69,036	0.567
building rooftop	General Categories	building	62	5	1.55%	19,679	0.176
building facade	General Categories	building	11	3	0.22%	71,390	0.198
residential house	General Categories	building	0	-	0.00%	0	0.000
warehouse	General Categories	building	5	3	0.04%	58,328	0.135
storage container	General Categories	building	3	1	0.02%	16,436	0.138
factory structure	General Categories	building	8	4	0.63%	148,268	0.182
asphalt road	General Categories	road	72	8	7.11%	48,342	0.307
concrete pavement	General Categories	road	129	8	6.13%	73,574	0.165
parking lot	General Categories	road	32	6	3.54%	165,576	0.412
pedestrian sidewalk	General Categories	road	56	8	0.99%	58,756	0.410
crosswalk	General Categories	road	95	7	0.57%	4,814	0.193
bare ground	General Categories	ground	156	8	1.59%	16,780	0.147
dirt field	General Categories	ground	78	7	2.69%	49,051	0.220
grass lawn	General Categories	vegetation	30	8	1.61%	56,942	0.452
tree canopy	General Categories	vegetation	74	8	2.08%	55,690	0.553
dense forest	General Categories	vegetation	17	7	7.30%	2,051,820	0.880
green hedge	General Categories	vegetation	97	8	2.24%	41,963	0.264
crop field	Farmland	farmland	57	7	16.71%	603,950	0.844
farmland	Farmland	farmland	33	7	13.18%	92,805	0.141
plowed field	Farmland	farmland	0	-	0.00%	0	0.000
bare soil field	Farmland	farmland	30	6	1.32%	56,641	0.175
rice paddy	Farmland	farmland	1	1	0.01%	95,906	0.120
vegetable field	Farmland	farmland	17	6	0.77%	93,252	0.316
blue roof	Roofs & Structures by Color	building	63	6	1.03%	18,058	0.653
red roof	Roofs & Structures by Color	building	15	2	0.04%	2,623	0.168
green roof	Roofs & Structures by Color	building	17	5	0.31%	63,992	0.814
gray roof	Roofs & Structures by Color	building	47	7	0.23%	8,548	0.203
dark gray roof	Roofs & Structures by Color	building	46	7	0.23%	10,421	0.249
black roof	Roofs & Structures by Color	building	105	6	0.13%	3,830	0.225
white roof	Roofs & Structures by Color	building	209	8	0.34%	4,600	0.246
silver metal roof	Roofs & Structures by Color	building	66	5	0.37%	16,170	0.164
orange roof	Roofs & Structures by Color	building	4	3	0.00%	5,993	0.161
brown roof	Roofs & Structures by Color	building	18	6	0.14%	20,397	0.444
yellow roof	Roofs & Structures by Color	building	3	1	0.01%	19,504	0.168
white vehicle	Vehicles & Transportation by Color	vehicle	70	8	0.20%	16,285	0.829
black vehicle	Vehicles & Transportation by Color	vehicle	70	7	0.13%	6,948	0.225
silver vehicle	Vehicles & Transportation by Color	vehicle	10	6	0.02%	15,046	0.892
gray vehicle	Vehicles & Transportation by Color	vehicle	11	6	0.04%	22,787	0.822
red vehicle	Vehicles & Transportation by Color	vehicle	11	6	0.01%	4,667	0.243
blue vehicle	Vehicles & Transportation by Color	vehicle	9	5	0.01%	3,253	0.245
yellow vehicle	Vehicles & Transportation by Color	vehicle	2	1	0.00%	7,746	0.209
orange vehicle	Vehicles & Transportation by Color	vehicle	15	5	0.02%	4,692	0.230
green vehicle	Vehicles & Transportation by Color	vehicle	5	2	0.01%	3,682	0.330
white cargo truck	Vehicles & Transportation by Color	vehicle	7	2	0.04%	32,135	0.889
blue cargo truck	Vehicles & Transportation by Color	vehicle	2	2	0.01%	33,156	0.821
commercial bus	Vehicles & Transportation by Color	vehicle	0	-	0.00%	0	0.000
tractor	Vehicles & Transportation by Color	vehicle	0	-	0.00%	0	0.000
excavator	Vehicles & Transportation by Color	vehicle	5	4	0.02%	16,793	0.653
blue plastic drum	Industrial Materials, Storage & Objects by Color	stored material	2	2	0.00%	1,293	0.171
orange plastic barrel	Industrial Materials, Storage & Objects by Color	stored material	23	3	0.01%	906	0.138
yellow plastic container	Industrial Materials, Storage & Objects by Color	stored material	44	6	0.02%	1,798	0.274
white industrial tank	Industrial Materials, Storage & Objects by Color	stored material	28	2	0.01%	1,644	0.137
metallic storage tank	Industrial Materials, Storage & Objects by Color	stored material	0	-	0.00%	0	0.000
blue waterproof tarp	Industrial Materials, Storage & Objects by Color	stored material	58	5	0.17%	7,392	0.319
green waterproof tarp	Industrial Materials, Storage & Objects by Color	stored material	19	4	0.52%	12,532	0.454
black protective sheet	Industrial Materials, Storage & Objects by Color	stored material	13	4	0.03%	12,431	0.156
white canvas canopy	Industrial Materials, Storage & Objects by Color	stored material	18	5	0.06%	5,492	0.255
plastic greenhouse	Industrial Materials, Storage & Objects by Color	building	0	-	0.00%	0	0.000
vinyl greenhouse tunnel	Industrial Materials, Storage & Objects by Color	building	0	-	0.00%	0	0.000
greenhouse roof	Industrial Materials, Storage & Objects by Color	building	0	-	0.00%	0	0.000
gray metal fence	Industrial Materials, Storage & Objects by Color	fence	19	6	0.05%	8,574	0.226
green wire fence	Industrial Materials, Storage & Objects by Color	fence	0	-	0.00%	0	0.000
red roadside barrier	Industrial Materials, Storage & Objects by Color	fence	7	1	0.00%	1,040	0.154
yellow safety cone	Industrial Materials, Storage & Objects by Color	없음	5	3	0.00%	1,948	0.354
orange traffic cone	Industrial Materials, Storage & Objects by Color	없음	45	3	0.00%	294	0.123
retaining wall	Road Infrastructure	retaining wall	2	1	0.01%	22,414	0.288
concrete retaining wall	Road Infrastructure	retaining wall	38	8	0.15%	15,786	0.169
gabion wall	Road Infrastructure	retaining wall	2	2	0.01%	47,682	0.684
guardrail	Road Infrastructure	fence	27	8	0.08%	15,065	0.285
metal guardrail	Road Infrastructure	fence	262	8	0.62%	5,790	0.179
road embankment slope	Road Infrastructure	slope	0	-	0.00%	0	0.000
cut slope	Road Infrastructure	slope	19	6	0.51%	62,166	0.146
riprap slope	Road Infrastructure	slope	0	-	0.00%	0	0.000
bridge	Road Infrastructure	road	0	-	0.00%	0	0.000
culvert	Road Infrastructure	structure	5	2	0.00%	1,027	0.107
utility pole	Road Infrastructure	structure	298	8	0.28%	1,992	0.212
streetlight pole	Road Infrastructure	structure	158	8	0.07%	1,681	0.242
road sign	Road Infrastructure	structure	128	8	0.14%	2,531	0.247
water surface	Water	water	0	-	0.00%	0	0.000
pond	Water	water	1	1	0.00%	13,309	0.726
reservoir	Water	water	0	-	0.00%	0	0.000
stream	Water	water	8	3	0.05%	28,498	0.333
irrigation canal	Water	water	4	2	0.02%	27,393	0.304
drainage ditch	Water	water	5	4	0.01%	4,654	0.144
overgrown weeds	Boundary & Filler	vegetation	531	8	2.66%	4,321	0.167
shrub	Boundary & Filler	vegetation	587	8	3.37%	6,584	0.198
grass covered embankment	Boundary & Filler	slope	35	6	2.74%	166,603	0.422
earth bank	Boundary & Filler	ground	4	2	0.00%	4,505	0.145
dirt path	Boundary & Filler	ground	201	8	2.33%	25,354	0.254
ripening rice field	Ripening & Bare Field	farmland	20	5	6.08%	1,491,018	0.957
yellow grass field	Ripening & Bare Field	vegetation	0	-	0.00%	0	0.000
harvested field	Ripening & Bare Field	farmland	38	6	0.27%	20,705	0.136
gravel shoulder	Ripening & Bare Field	road	9	6	0.12%	50,588	0.179

설정

gap_px2 epsilon_px1.5 기준 런output/sam3/tune_t64 (확정 설정 8장) / 기준선은 output/sam3/YYX_run 69장 프롬프트 파일prompts/discovery_v4.txt (94개). 기준선은 discovery_v1.txt (85개) 집합 정의configs/merge_groups_v4.txt (12집합). 기준선은 merge_groups.txt 타일6×4 = 24개, overlap 10%, 타일 크기 1365×1365. 기준선은 4×3 (2048×1820) 검출 설정conf 0.10 · NMS iou 0.40 · 같은 라벨 병합 gap 8px · --wide-in-tiles. 기준선 conf 0.25, 통짜 분리 공정 보기 사진확정 설정 8장 (기준선 무라벨 3.5~52.1% 분포에서 고름) 확정 후보 설정

prompts/discovery_v4.txt (94개) · configs/merge_groups_v4.txt · --wide-in-tiles · --cols 6 --rows 4 · --conf 0.10 · NMS 0.40 · --merge (gap 8px) · 병합 gap 2px